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| cities and towns in maharashtra | |
| nagpur | |
| cities and towns in maharashtra | |
Nāgpur ( Census), and the second capital of the state of Maharashtra 2, Nagpur is the commercial & political hub of the state's eastern Vidarbha region. Every year, it hosts the "Winter Session" of the Maharashtra Legislature. With a population of 2.1 Million , Nagpur was the 13th largest urban conglomeration in India in 2001 ( 2001 Census) 3. On a global scale, Nagpur is estimated to be the 114th largest city 4 and the 143rd largest urban area in the world in 2006 in terms of population. 5 Nagpur is also important geographically as it lies practically at the centre of India with the country's geographical centre (Zero Mile) being situated here. 6 Moreover, Nagpur is well-known throughout India as a trade centre for high-quality oranges grown in the surrounding region and hence the city is also known as ''Santra Nagari'' ( Marathi for 'Orange City'). 7 Recently, the city celebrated 300 years of its establishment. 8. The city headquarters the respective administrations of Nagpur District and Nagpur Division . GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE Nagpur has an area of approximately 220 km&2 9 and is situated at 21° 06' N latitude and 79° 03' E longitude and a mean altitude of 310 meters above Sea Level . 10 Being located far away from any major water body at the centre of the Indian Peninsula , the Nagpur's climate is dry or mildly humid for most of the year except for the rainy season. Nagpur city receives an annual rainfall of 1,205 mm (47.44 in) mostly between the months of June and September. 11 The highest recorded rainfall was 304 mm on July 14, 1994. 12 Summer lasts from March to June, with temperatures peaking in the month of May. Summers in Nagpur are extremely hot, with daytime temperatures regularly exceeding 40°C (104°F). Winter lasts from November to January, during which it is not unusual for temperatures to drop below 10°C (50°F). 13 The highest recorded temperature in the city was 48.6 ° C (119.5 ° F ) on 1954-05-26 , while the lowest was 3° C . HISTORY The first reference to the name ''Nagpur'' is found in a 10th century Copper-plate Inscription discovered at Devali in the neighbouring Wardha district. The inscription is a record of grant of a village situated in the visaya (district) of Nagpura-Nandivardhana during time of Rastrakuta king Krsna III in the Saka Year 862 (940 CE). 14Nandivardhana, which was well-known as an ancient capital of the Vakatakas, is now represented by the village Nandardhan, about three miles from the temple town of Ramtek. However, tradition ascribes the founding of Nagpur to Bakht Buland , a prince of the Gond kingdom of Deogarh in the Chhindwara District . In 1743 , the Maratha leader Raghoji Bhonsle of Vidarbha established himself at Nagpur, after conquering the territories of Deogarh, Chanda and Chhattisgarh by 1751 . After Raghoji's death in 1755 , his son and successor Janoji was forced to acknowledge the effective supremacy of the Maratha Peshwa of Pune in 1769 . Regardless, the Nagpur State continued to grow. Janoji's successor Mudhoji I (d. 1788 ) came to power in 1785 and bought Mandla and the upper Narmada valley from the Peshwa between 1796 and 1798 , after which Raghoji II (d. 1816 ) acquired Hoshangabad , the larger part of Saugor and Damoh . Under Raghoji II, Nagpur covered what is now the east of Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Orissa , and parts of Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand . In 1803 Raghoji II joined the Peshwas against the British in the Second Anglo-Maratha War . The British prevailed, and Raghoji was forced to cede Cuttack , Sambalpur , and part of Berar . After Raghoji II's death in 1816, his son Parsaji was deposed and murdered by Mudhoji II . Despite the fact that he had entered into a treaty with the British in the same year, Mudhoji joined the Peshwa in the Third Anglo-Maratha War in 1817 against the British, but was forced to cede the rest of Berar to the Nizam of Hyderabad , and parts of Saugor and Damoh, Mandla , Betul , Seoni and the Narmada valley to the British after suffering a defeat at Sitabuldi in modern-day Nagpur city. Mudhoji was deposed after a temporary restoration to the throne, after which the British placed Raghoji III the grandchild of Raghoji II, on the throne. During the rule of Raghoji III (which lasted till 1840 ), the region was administered by a British resident. In 1853 , the British took control of Nagpur after Raghoji III died without leaving an heir. From 1853 to 1861 , the Nagpur Province (which consisted of the present Nagpur region, Chhindwara, and Chhatisgarh) became part of the Central Provinces And Berar and came under the administration of a commissioner under the British central government, with Nagpur as its capital. Berar was added in 1903 . TATA , one of the most respected industrial houses in India, started the country's first textile mill at Nagpur 15, formally known as Central India Spinning and Weaving Company Ltd. The company was popularly known as "Empress Mills" as it was inaugurated on 1 January 1877, the day queen Victoria was proclaimed Empress of India. Nagpur was a scene of significant political activity during India's freedom struggle. The city hosted two annual sessions of the Indian National Congress and the Non Co-Operation Movement was launched in the Nagpur session of 1920. After Indian Independence in 1947 , Central Provinces and Berar became a province of India, and in 1950 became the Indian State of Madhya Pradesh , again with Nagpur as its capital. However when the Indian states were reorganized along linguistic lines in 1956 , the Nagpur region and Berar were transferred to Bombay State , which in 1960 was split between the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat . There has been talk of Nagpur being the next National Capital for some time now, as at many given times, the government has felt that New Delhi is located too close to China and Pakistan. NOTABLE INSTITUTIONS IN NAGPUR Nagpur gains its political importance from the fact that the entire political community of Maharashtra descends on the city for the two week duration of the Winter Session of the Maharashtra State Legislative Assembly during the month of December. 16 In addition, a bench of the Bombay High Court is located in the city. 17 Nagpur is an important city for the scientific community as it is home to the headquarters of a number of national level scientific and governmental establishments like the National Environmental Engineering and Research Institute (NEERI), Central Institute of Cotton Research (CICR), National Research Centre for Citrus, National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, the Jawaharlal Nehru National Aluminium Research and Development Centre, the Indian Bureau Of Mines , India's Intellectual Property Training Institute, the National Academy of Direct Taxes, the Chief Controller of Explosives of the Petroleum and Explosives Safety Organisation, and the South Central Zone Cultural Centre in addition to a regional office of the Indian Meteorological Department . Nagpur is also an important city for the Indian armed forces as the headquarters of Maintenance Command of the Indian Air Force and an Ordinance factory and Staff College for the Indian Armed Forces are located in the city. In addition, the Nagpur suburb named Kamptee is home a neatly laid out cantonment of the Regimental Centre of Indian Army's Brigade that is made up of the National Cadet Corps' Officers' Training School, Institute of Military Law, and other establishments of Indian Army. Furthermore, Nagpur's National Civil Defence College provides civil defence and disaster management training to pupils from all over India and abroad. The city is also the home for Indian Air Force's giant IL-76 transport planes nicknamed " Gajraj ." 18 Due to Nagpur's geographical position, all distances within India are measured from Zero Mile located in the Civil Lines locality in the city. PLACES OF INTEREST Deekshabhoomi is famous throughout India as the site where Dr. B. R. Ambedkar embraced Buddhism to promote his efforts to overcome discrimination against lower-caste and Untouchable Hindu s, and is also the largest hollow Stupa in the world. 19 Dalits and Buddhists from all over the country converge to Deekshabhoomi every year on Ashoka Dashmi . |
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