The simplest enacting formulae merely cite the legislature by which the law has been adopted, for example the formula used in Australia since 1990 is "The Parliament of Australia enacts". Alternatively an enacting formula may refer to the individual components of the legislature. The Parliament Of The United Kingdom formally consists of three tiers, the monarch, the House Of Commons and the House Of Lords , and these are referred to individually in the British enacting formula, which reads
:BE IT ENACTED by the Queen's {Link without Title} most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows
Whether or not the Head Of State is mentioned in a formula depends on if they are formally considered a component of the legislature. In contrast to the practice in the United Kingdom , the enacting formula of the United States Congress refers only to the two houses of the legislature and does not mention the head of state. This is because the President Of The United States , despite his extensive legislative role (in contrast to the Head Of State under a Parliamentary System ), is not considered to be a tier of Congress. The formula reads "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled".
While most enacting formulae invoke the legislature as the source of the law's authority some, in accordance with the principle of Popular Sovereignty , cite the 'people' instead. For example in California the enacting formula is "The People of the State of California do enact as follows".
- : "ENACTED by the Parliament of Antigua and Barbuda as follows:"
- : "The Parliament of Australia enacts:"
- --- "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen {Link without Title} , and the Senate and the House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Australia, as follows:"
- --- "BE IT ENACTED by the King's {Link without Title} Most Excellent Majesty, the Senate and the House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Australia, as follows:-"
- : "ENACTED by the Parliament of Barbados as follows:"
- : "Enacted by the Parliament of The Bahamas."
- : "BE IT ENACTED, by and with the advice and consent of the House of Representatives and the Senate of Belize and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"
- : "Be it enacted by The Queen's Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and the House of Assembly of Bermuda, and by the authority of the same, as follows:"
- ''': ''"O PRESIDENTE DA REPÚBLICA: Faço saber que o Congresso Nacional decreta e eu sanciono a seguinte Lei:"''). When the president vetoes a bill, and the veto is overridden, the formula differs.
- ''': "''Sa Majesté, sur l'avis et avec le consentement du Sénat et de la Chambre des communes du Canada, édicte'':")
- ''': "''L'Assemblée nationale et le Sénat ont adopté, Le Président de la République promulgue la loi dont la teneur suit'':")
- :
- --- For acts which do not need the consent of the have been observed" ( German : "''Der Bundestag hat folgendes Gesetz beschlossen. Die verfassungsmäßigen Rechte des Bundestages sind gewahrt''").
- --- For acts which need the consent of the Bundesrat: "The Bundestag has, with consent of the Bundesrat, adopted the following act ("''Der Bundestag hat mit Zustimmung des Bundesrates folgendes Gesetz beschlossen''").
- : "Be it enacted by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Representatives of Grenada, and by the authority of the same, as follows:—"
- '''] Year of the Republic of India as follows:—"
- (the parliament for the ''' Republic Of Ireland '''):
- ---:
::'''Since : "''Achtaitear ag an Oireachtas mar a leanas'':—")
::''': "''Achtuigheadh Oireachtas Shaorstáit Éireann mar leanas'':—")
- :
::: "Be it therefore enacted by the Oireachtas as follows:—" (Irish: "''Achtuigheadh an tOireachtas ar an ábhar san mar leanas:—''")
::: "Be it therefore enacted by the Oireachtas of Saorstát Éireann as follows:—" (Irish: ''Achtuigheadh Oireachtas Shaorstáit Éireann ar an ábhar san mar leanas'':—")
- : "BE IT ENACTED by The Queen's Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Representatives of Jamaica, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"
- ''': "''MAKA INILAH DIPERBUAT UNDANG-UNDANG oleh Duli Yang Maha Mulia Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong dengan nasihat dan persetujuan Dewan Negara dan Dewan Rakyat yang bersidang dalam Parlimen, dan dengan kuasa daripadanya, seperti berikut:–''")
- : "BE IT ENACTED by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the House of Representatives, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:"
- : "The Congress of the United Mexican States decrees ..."
- ''': ''"Parlamentul adoptă prezenta lege"'')
- ''': "''Wij Beatrix, bij de gratie Gods, Koningin der Nederlanden, Prinses van Oranje-Nassau, etc., etc., etc. Allen, die deze zullen zien of horen lezen, Saluut! doen te weten:'':")
- : "The Parliament of New Zealand enacts as follows:-"
- ---: "BE IT ENACTED by the Parliament of New Zealand as follows:-"
- ---: "BE IT ENACTED by the General Assembly of New Zealand in Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"
- : "ENACTED by the National Assembly of the Federal Republic of Nigeria"
- ''': "''El Congreso de la Republica ha dado la Ley siguiente''")
- ''': "''Parlamentul României adoptă prezenta lege''")
- : "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty by and with the advice and consent of the National Assembly of Saint Christopher and Nevis, and by the authority of the same as follows:-"
- : "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen’s Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the House of Assembly and the Senate of Saint Lucia, and by the authority of the same, as follows:"
- : "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty by and with the advice and consent of the House of Assembly of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"
- : "ENACTED by the National Parliament of Solomon Islands."
- : "BE IT ENACTED by the Parliament of the Republic of South Africa, as follows:—" (when preceded by a Preamble, "THEREFORE" is inserted as the formula's third word)
- : "ENACTED by the Parliament of Tuvalu-"
- ---: "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen's {Link without Title} most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"
- ---:"WE, Your Majesty's most dutiful and loyal subjects, the Commons of the United Kingdom in Parliament assembled, towards raising the necessary supplies to defray Your Majesty's public expenses, and making an addition to the public revenue, have freely and voluntarily resolved to give and grant unto Your Majesty the several duties hereinafter mentioned; and do therefore most humbly beseech Your Majesty that it may be enacted, and be it enacted by the Queen's {Link without Title} most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"
- --- "BE IT ENACTED by The Queen's {Link without Title} most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Commons in this present Parliament assembled, in accordance with the provisions of the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"
- : "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,"
- : "The Congress of the Republic of Venezuela decrees: the following..." (Spanish: ''El Congreso de la República de Venezuela Decreta: la siguiente''"
- :
- ---For Constitutions: "Juan Carlos I of the king/queen , King [Queen] of Spain, to all who should see and understand this act, know: That the have approved and the people of Spain have ratified the following Constitution" (Spanish: ''"Juan Carlos I of the king/queen , Rey [Reina] de España, a todos los que la presente vieren y entendieren, sabed: Que las Cortes Generales han aprobado y el pueblo español ratificado la siguiente Constitución"'').
- ---For Organic acts: "Juan Carlos I of the king/queen , King [Queen] of Spain, to all who should see and understand this act, know: That the have approved and I come from enacting the following Organic act" (Spanish: ''"Juan Carlos I of the king/queen , Rey [Reina] de España, a todos los que la presente vieren y entendieren, sabed: Que las Cortes Generales han aprobado y Yo vengo en sancionar la siguiente Ley Orgánica"'').
- ---For standard acts: "Juan Carlos I of the king/queen , King [Queen] of Spain, to all who should see and understand this act, know: That the have approved and I come from enacting the following Act" (Spanish: ''"Juan Carlos I of the king/queen , Rey [Reina] de España, a todos los que la presente vieren y entendieren, sabed: Que las Cortes Generales han aprobado y Yo vengo en sancionar la siguiente Ley"'').
- : "The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact,"
- Acts of the : "It is hereby enacted as follows:—"
- : "The Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory enacts as follows:"
- : "The Legislature of New South Wales enacts:"
- : "The Parliament of Queensland enacts–"
- "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen’s Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland in Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows."
- : "The Parliament of South Australia enacts as follows:"
- : "Be it enacted by His Excellency the Governor of Tasmania, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and House of Assembly, in Parliament assembled, as follows:"
- : "The Parliament of Victoria enacts as follows:"
- : "The Parliament of Western Australia enacts as follows:"
- "HER MAJESTY, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, enacts as follows:"
- "HER MAJESTY, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of British Columbia, enacts as follows:"
- "HER MAJESTY, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, enacts as follows:"
- ''': "''Sa Majesté, sur l’avis et du consentement de l’Assemblée législative du Nouveau-Brunswick, décrète'':")
- "Be it enacted by the Lieutenant-Governor and House of Assembly in Legislative Session convened, as follows:"
- "The Commissioner of the Northwest Territories, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly, enacts as follows:"
- "Be it enacted by the Governor and Assembly as follows:"
- "The Commissioner of Nunavut, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly, enacts as follows:"
- "Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario, enacts as follows:"
- "BE IT ENACTED by the Lieutenant Governor and the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Prince Edward Island as follows:"
- ''': "''Le Parlement du Québec décrète ce qui suit'':")
- "HER MAJESTY, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, enacts as follows:"
- "The Commissioner of Yukon, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly, enacts as follows:"
- : "Be it enacted by the Superintendent of the Province of Canterbury, by and with the advice and consent of the Provincial Council thereof, as follows:—"
- "BE IT ENACTED by being passed by the Northern Ireland Assembly and assented to by Her {Link without Title} Majesty as follows:"
- Acts of the Scottish Parliament do not begin with a conventional enacting formula. Instead they begin with a phrase that reads: "The Bill for this Act of the Scottish Parliament was passed by the Parliament on and received Royal Assent on [Date "
- "This Measure, passed by the National Assembly for Wales on and approved by Her Majesty in Council on [Date , enacts the following provisions:-"
- ( 1921 - 1972 ): "BE it enacted by the Queen's {Link without Title} most Excellent Majesty, and the Senate and the House of Commons of Northern Ireland in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"
- "WE, your Majesty’s most dutiful and loyal subjects, the Council and Keys of the said Isle, do humbly beseech your Majesty that it may be enacted, and be it enacted, by the Queen’s Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Council and Keys in Tynwald assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows (that is to say):—"
- "THE STATES, subject to the sanction of Her Most Excellent Majesty in Council, have adopted the following Law-" (French: ''"LES ETATS, moyennant la sanction de Sa Très Excellente Majesté en Conseil, ont adopté la Loi suivante -"'')
- "THE STATES, in pursuance of their Resolution of DATE, have approved the following provisions which, subject to the Sanction of Her Most Excellent Majesty in Council, shall have force of law in the Bailiwick of Guernsey.
- : "Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Arizona,"
- : "The People of the State of California do enact as follows:"
- : "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Assembly convened:"
- : "Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Hawaii:"
- : "Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly" {Link without Title}
- : "Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Indiana"
- : "Be it enacted by the People of the State of Maine as follows:"
- : "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:"
- : "The People of the State of Michigan enact:"
- : "Be it Enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court convened:"
- ''' and General Assembly of the State Of New Jersey :"
- : "The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows,"
- : "The General Assembly of North Carolina enacts:"
- '''" (sic)
- : "Be It Enacted by the People of the State of Oregon:"
- : "The General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania hereby enacts as follows:"
- : "It is enacted by the General Assembly as follows:"
- : "Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Texas:"
- :"Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Utah,"
- : "It is hereby enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Vermont:"
- : "Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia"
- : "Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Washington:"
- : "Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia:"
- : "The people of the state of Wisconsin, represented in senate and assembly, do enact as follows:"
- : "Be it enacted by the people of Guam"
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