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Liberalism has been a strong force in Canadian politics since the late 18th Century. While Canada has the same features of other Liberal Democracies in the Western Democratic political tradition, it is, in some respects, an Exemplar of liberalism. This article gives an overview of liberalism in Canada. It includes a brief history of Liberal Parties with substantial representation in parliament. LIBERALISM IN CANADIAN HISTORY Historically, Canada is a nation of two liberalisms. Prior to the 1960s, Canadian politics were Classically Liberal , i.e., there was a focus on Individual Liberty , Representative Government , and Free Markets . This brand of liberalism can be traced to the arrival in Canada of the United Empire Loyalists and the enactment of the Constitutional Act Of 1791 . The Constitutional Act established responsible government through the elected assemblies of Upper and Lower Canada. While the Loyalists were faithful to British institutions and opposed to American Republicanism , they were committed to North America n ideals of individual liberty and representative government. This brand of liberalism was prominent though the Liberal government of Wilfrid Laurier , which advocated such policies as free trade with the United States, and beyond. The second liberalism began, roughly, in the 1960s with the election of , social liberalism, Multiculturalism , Diplomacy in Foreign Policy , and a Mixed Economy or more commonly with liberals now a regulated free market economy. In this second sense, Canada is presently one of the more liberal countries in the Americas. By contrast, prior to the 1960s, Canada was one of the most liberal countries in the world in the first sense. LIBERAL PARTIES Liberal parties developed in both the French and English speaking parts of Canada, and led to the formation of the Liberal Party of Canada. Liberal parties exist on a provincial level, but while they mostly share similar ideologies, not all provincial parties are officially affiliated with the federal party. In Canada, a "capital-L" ''liberal'' refers to the policies and ideas of the Liberal Party Of Canada /''Parti Libéral du Canada'' (member LI ), the most frequent governing party of Canada for the last century and one of the largest Liberal Parties around the world. The Quebec Liberal Party (''Parti libéral du Québec'') combines liberalism with more Conservative ideas. Only federal parties are included in the following timeline. The sign ⇒ indicates a reference to another party in that scheme. For inclusion in this scheme, it isn't necessary for parties to have explicitly labelled themselves as a liberal party. Timeline Canadian Party / Patriot Party / Red Party
Reform Party
Clear Grits / Liberal Party of Canada
LIBERAL LEADERS
LIBERAL THINKERS
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