| James Curtis Hepburn |
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| american expatriates in japan | |
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| 1815 births | |
| 1911 deaths | |
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James Curtis Hepburn ( 13 March 1815 – 11 June 1911 ) was born in Milton, Pennsylvania . He attended Princeton and Pennsylvania universities and became a Doctor . He decided to go to Siam (later changing to China ) as a medical missionary, but had to stay in Singapore for two years as the Opium War was under way and Chinese ports were closed to foreigners. After five years as a missionary, he returned to the United States (in 1845) and opened a medical practice in New York City . In 1859, he decided to go to ) developed.) He also began compiling a Japanese-English dictionary, which was first published in 1867 . The third edition of his dictionary, published in 1887 , used a revised form of Japanese romanization devised by a society of enthusiasts for writing Japanese in the Latin alphabet. This form of romanization is now known as Hepburn Romanization , and it is often mistakenly said that Hepburn ''invented'' it; he is, however, largely responsible for ''popularizing'' it. He also contributed to the translation of the Bible into Japanese. Hepburn returned to the US in 1892 , and died in East Orange , New Jersey in September of 1911 at the age of 96. Some of Hepburn's noted Japanese pupils include ). SEE ALSO
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