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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

The IRIS probe consists of a rotating mirror that directs the ultrasonic beam into the tube wall. The mirror is driven by a small turbine that is rotated by the pressure of water being pumped in. As the probe is pulled the spinning motion of the mirror results in a Helical scan path.


FEATURES

  • Field-proven and commonly used in boilers, heat exchangers, and fin-fan tubes.

  • Often used as a back-up to electromagnetic examination of tubes, to verify calibration and accuracy. Especially useful as a follow-up to Remote Field Testing due to the full sensitivity near tube support structures provided by IRIS.

  • The IRIS probe must be moved very slowly (approximately 1 inch per second, or 2.5 cm/s), but it produces very accurate results (wall thickness measurements typically accurate to within 0.005 inch, or 0.13 mm).

  • Before the examination, tubes must be cleaned on the inside to bare metal.

  • A supply of clean water is needed, typically at a pressure of 60 psi, or 0.4 MPa. Dirt or debris in the water may cause the turbine to jam.

  • Works for tube diameters of ½ inch (13 mm) and up. Special centralizing devices are needed for larger diameters.

  • Works in metal or plastic tubes

  • Typical smallest detectable defect: through-hole of diameter 1/16-inch (1.6 mm).

  • Operates in temperatures above freezing.

  • Can pass bends, but will not detect defects in bends.

  • Not sensitive to cracks aligned with tube radius.



SOURCES

  • ''Tubing Inspection using Multiple NDT Techniques''. By Fathi E. Al-Qadeeb. PDF , 118 kB.

  • ''Condition Monitoring - Process Plant Tube Inspection: an Ongoing Commitment by Plant Owners and Operators.'' By Charles Panos. {Link without Title}

  • ''NDT and Heat Exchanger Tubes.'' By Helle H. Rasmussen, Hans Kristensen & Leif Jeppesen. {Link without Title}