| Hyderabad, India |
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| cities and towns in andhra pradesh | |
| hyderabad, india | |
| settlements established in 1590 | |
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Hyderabad or ''Haydarābād'' // ( of the India n state of Andhra Pradesh . Situated in the region of Andhra Pradesh, the city has an estimated population of 6.8 million ( 68 Lakh ), making it the 5th most populous Metropolis in India. Hyderabad is known for its rich history, culture and architecture representing its unique character as a meeting point for North and South India , and its multilingual culture, both geographically and culturally. Hyderabad is also one of the most developed cities in the country. It is now a hub of Information Technology (or IT), ITES (BPO) and Biotechnology . Hyderabad and Secunderabad are the Twin Cities , separated by the Husain Sagar (bound by the 'Tank Bund'), a man-made lake made during the time of Ibrahim Qutb Shah in 1562. The ") monument, built in the center of Hyderabad by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah in 1591, is a commemoration of the eradication of a Plague in the region. ETYMOLOGY Theories explaining the origins and Etymology behind Hyderabad's name differ. A popular theory suggests that after founding the city, Muhammad Quli fell in love with and married a local Banjara girl known as ''Bhagamathi''. He named this city after her as ''Bhagyanagaram''. Upon her conversion to Islam , Bhagamathi changed her name to Hyder Mahal and the new city's name was correspondingly changed to match it, resulting in the Eponym ous name Hyderabad (literally, "the city of Hyder").1) }} HISTORY See Also: History of Hyderabad Sultan Quli Qutb Mulk was the founder of the Qutb Shahi Dynasty , the ruling family of the Golconda . The dynasty, previously a feudatory of Bahmani Sultanate , declared independence in 1512. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah , a ruler of the dynasty, founded the city of Hyderabad on the banks of the Musi River in 1591;2 this relocation was intended to relieve a water shortage the dynasty had experienced at their old headquarters at Golconda .3 He also ordered the construction of the Charminar , the iconic monument of the city, in 1591, reportedly in gratitude to the almighty for arresting the plague epidemic before it did irreversible damage to his new city.4 As Qutb Shahi power and fortune rose during the 16th and early 17th centuries, Hyderabad became a center of a vibrant diamond trade. Golconda diamond mines are the birth place of the most famous diamonds in the world viz. Hope Diamond , Koh-i-Noor ,the crown jewel in the crown of Queen Elizabeth. They contributed to the growth and development of Indo - Persia n and Indo - Islamic literature and culture in Hyderabad. Some of the sultans were known as patrons of local Telugu culture as well. In the 16th century the city grew to accommodate the surplus population of Golconda and eventually became the capital of the Qutb Shahi rulers. Hyderabad became known for its gardens (called baghs) and its comfortable climate. Mughal emperor Aurangzeb captured Hyderabad in 1687. During the short Mughal rule, the fortune of Hyderabad declined. Soon, the Mughal-appointed governors of the city gained more autonomy. In 1724, Asaf Jah I , who was granted the title Nizam-ul-Mulk ("governor of the country") by the Mughal emperor, defeated a rival official to establish control over Hyderabad. Thus began the Asaf Jahi dynasty that would rule Hyderabad until a year after India's independence from Britain. Asaf Jah's successors ruled as Nizam s of Hyderabad. The rule of the seven Nizams saw the growth of Hyderabad both culturally and economically. Hyderabad became the formal capital of the kingdom and Golconda, the former capital, was all but abandoned. Huge Reservoirs , like the Nizam Sagar , Tungabhadra , Osman Sagar , Himayat Sagar , and others were built. Survey work on Nagarjuna Sagar had also begun during this time, the actual work was completed by the government of India in 1969. After the Indian independence in 1947, under the terms of independence from the British, the State of Hyderabad headed by the Prime Minister, the cabinet and the Nizam opted for independence, either as a sovereign ruler or by acquiring Dominion status within the British Empire. India then enforced an economic blockade. As a result Hyderabad state signed a Standstill Agreement with the Indian Union. On September 17, 1948, more than a year after India had gained independence, the Nizam signed the Instrument of Accession to the Indian Union. On November 1, 1956, the states of India were reorganized on linguistic grounds. The territories of the State of Hyderabad were divided between newly created Andhra Pradesh, Bombay state (later Maharashtra ), and Karnataka . Hyderabad and the surrounding areas were added to Andhra Pradesh, based on the Telugu speaking community. Thus, Hyderabad became the capital city of the new state of Andhra Pradesh. Lately, the city has been subject to severe social tensions, as revealed in the aftermath of the 18 May 2007 Mecca Masjid Bombing which soon was followed by the 25 August 2007 Hyderabad Bombings . GEOGRAPHY Topography Hyderabad city is located in the South India n state of Andhra Pradesh , in the region of Telangana . It lies on the Deccan Plateau , 541 meters (1776 ft) above sea level, over an area of 625 km&2 (244 mile&2). ]] The original city of Hyderabad was founded on the banks of river Musi . Now known as the historic old city, home to the Charminar and Makkah Masjid , it lies on the southern bank of the river. The city center saw a shift to the north of the river, with the construction of many government buildings and landmarks there, especially south of the Husain Sagar lake. The rapid growth of the city, along with the growth of Secunderabad and neighboring municipalities has resulted in a large and populous metropolitan area. One famous resident of Hyderabad is San Jose Resident Advisor mogul, Abishek Kasturi. Climate
CULTURE is one of the most prominent sites of Hinduism in the city]] Hyderabad has been the meeting place of many different cultures and traditions. Historically, Hyderabad has been the city where distinct cultural and linguistic traditions of North India and South India meet. It is thus considered as the gateway to the South or gateway to the North. One can also perceive the strong fusion of the Muslim Culture Of Hyderabad with south Indian traditions of the region. Hyderabad is a cosmopolitan city and home to people practicing many religions. ''Hyderabadis'', as residents of the city are known, have developed a distinctive culture which is a mixture of ancient Hindu traditions of Telugu People and the centuries old Islamic Culture . Telugu , Urdu and Hindi are the principal languages spoken in Hyderabad. Both Urdu and Telugu have linguistically impacted on each other in this region. The Telugu spoken here has assimilated many Urdu words into it. And the Urdu spoken here is also unique, with influences of Marathi and Telugu, giving rise to a dialect sometimes called ''Hyderabadi Urdu'' or Deccani . Hyderabad has always had one of the largest Urdu speaking populations in India, and the famous Osmania University here was the first Urdu medium university in India. The Telugu dialect spoken in Hyderabad and rest of Telangana prior to formation of the present state of Andhra Pradesh was very distinct from the one spoken in coastal Andhra. A large percentage of the population is also well-versed in English. Women of all cultures and faiths in Hyderabad typically wear either the traditional Indian dress, the Sari , or, increasingly, the Shalwar Qamis especially among the younger population. A large percentage of Muslim women in the city wear either the Burqa or the Hijab . The traditional Hyderabadi garb for females are the Khara Dupatta and the Shalwar Qamis , and for the males, it is the Sherwani . This is one of the more visible Cultural Attributes of Hyderabad. Hyderabad's most popular public carnival is the annual immersion of Lord Ganesh idols after the 10 day Ganesh Chaturthi celebrations on Ananta Chaturdashi .(Locally known as the Ganesh Nimajjnanam ). Bonalu is another festival which is celebrated with great fervour. Hyderabadi cuisine ]] The city's cuisine is a blend of Mughal , Persian and Telangana cuisine. Hyderabadi Biryani is an iconic dish of the region. Other culinary delights include Khurbani ka Mitha, Double Ka Mitha (a sweet made with bread), Pheni (a sweet vermicelli delicacy eaten during the festival of Diwali ), Paya and Haleem (a meat dish traditionally eaten during the holy month of Ramazan ). Indian Mithai (sweet) shops are popular for their Ghee sweets. Mau'zzam Jahi Market, Nampally, is known for its fruit biscuits and the sweet ''Dil Khush'' . A family residing in Azeez Bagh palace in the old part of the city is famous for the preparation of Badaam Ki jaali (Almond lattice confection). Also widely found on street-corners are cafes that offer ''Irani chai'' and ''Osmania biscuit''. ECONOMY Hyderabad is the financial and economic capital of the state. The city is the largest contributor to the state's Gross Domestic Product , state tax and excise revenues. The workforce participation is about 29 percent. Starting in the 1990s, the economic pattern of the city has changed from being a primarily service city to being one with a more diversified spectrum, including trade, transport, commerce, storage, communication etc. Service Industry is the major contributor, with urban workforce constituting 90% of the total workforce. Hyderabad is known as the ''city of Pearl s'', Lakes and, lately, for its IT Companies. The pearl market known as ''Laad Bazaar'' is situated near Charminar. Ornaments made with Rice Pearls can be bought from Char Kaman or the General Bazaar Market. Products such as silverware, saris, Nirmal and Kalamkari paintings and artifacts, unique Bidri Handcrafted items, Lacquer Bangle s studded with stones, Silk -ware, Cotton -ware and handloom-based clothing materials are made and traded through the city for centuries. Andhra Pradesh inherited from the State Of Hyderabad great academic institutes and research labs, both public and private institutes with very diverse areas of interest. The infrastructural facilities for basic research in Hyderabad are some of the best in the country, hosting a large academic population from all over the country and beyond. Hyderabad is a major center for pharmaceuticals with companies such as Dr. Reddy's Laboratories , Matrix Laboratories, Hetero Drugs Limited, Divis Labs, Aurobindo Pharma Limited and Vimta Labs being housed in the city. Initiatives such as Genome Valley and the Nanotechnology Park are expected to create extensive infrastructure in bio-technology.5 Like many Indian cities, Hyderabad has witnessed a remarkable growth in the Real Estate business, thanks to a predominantly information-technology-driven boom in the 1990s and the retail industry growth over the last few years which have spurred hectic commercial activity. A number of mega malls have come up or are being built in the city. Real Estate demand in the suburban and rural areas surrounding Hyderabad has gone up exponentially leading to reckless increase in prices over the past few years. Information Technology industry See Also: Information Technology industry in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh Hyderabad city is today known for its IT and IT Enabled Services , Pharmaceuticals and Entertainment industries. Many Call Centers , Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) firms, dealing with IT and other technological services were set up in the 1990s making it one of the major regions for call center setups, technology development and KPO hub in India. |
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