| Herbert Bayer |
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| CATEGORIES ABOUT HERBERT BAYER | |
| 1900 births | |
| 1985 deaths | |
| austrian architects | |
| austrian designers | |
| bauhaus | |
| graphic design | |
| graphic designers | |
| typographers | |
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Herbert Bayer ( 1900 - 1985 ) was an Austria n Graphic Design er, painter, photographer, and Architect . Bayer apprenticed under the artist Georg Schmidthammer in Linz . Leaving the workshop to study at the Darmstadt Artists' Colony , he became interested in Walter Gropius 's Bauhaus Manifesto . After Bayer had studied for four years at the Bauhaus under such teachers as Wassily Kandinsky and László Moholy-Nagy , Gropius appointed Bayer director of Printing and Advertising . In the spirit of reductive minimalism, Bayer developed a crisp visual style and adopted use of all-lowercase, Sans Serif Typeface s for most Bauhaus publications. Bayer is one of several typographers of the period including Kurt Schwitters and Jan Tschichold who experimented with the creation of a simplified more phonetic-based alphabet. Bayer idesigned the 1925 geometric sans-serif typeface, ''universal,'' now issued in digital form as Architype Bayer which bears comparison with the stylistically related typeface Architype Schwitters . In 1928, Bayer left the Bauhaus to become Art Director of Vogue Magazine 's Berlin office. Ten years later, he settled in New York City where he had a long and distinguished career in nearly every aspect of the graphic arts. In 1946 Bayer relocated again. Hired by industrialist and visionary Walter Paepcke , Bayer moved to Aspen, Colorado as Paepcke promoted skiing as a popular sport. Bayer's architectural work in the town included co-designing the Aspen Institute and restoring the Wheeler Opera House , but his production of promotional posters identified skiing with wit, excitement, and glamour. Bayer would remain associated with Aspen until the mid-1970s. Bayer gave the Denver Art Museum a collection of around 8,000 of his works. In 1959, he designed his "fonetik alfabet", a Phonetic Alphabet , for English. It was sans-serif and without capital letters. He had special symbols for the endings ''-ed'', ''-ory'', ''-ing'', and ''-ion'', as well as the Digraph s "ch", "sh", and "ng". An underline indicated the doubling of a consonant in traditional orthography. Bayer's works appear in prominent public and private collections including the MIT List Visual Arts Center. |
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