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EARLY CAREER Henry was probably born in Dublin, Ireland , a younger son of Henry Hamilton (1692–1743), an Irish Member Of Parliament . He was raised in County Cork , then started his military career when his father bought him a commission in the 15th Regiment Of Foot . He saw his first American service with that regiment during the French And Indian War , in the attack on Fortress Louisbourg and the Battle Of Quebec . With the support of Lieutenant Governor of Canada Guy Carleton , Hamilton rose to the rank of Brigade Major . In 1775, he sold his commission, leaving the British Army for a political career. AMERICAN REVOLUTION In 1775, Hamilton was appointed Lieutenant Governor and Superintendent of Indian Affairs at and American Indians —were not all supporters of the British regime. Hamilton became adept at diplomacy with American Indians, establishing good relations with local Indian leaders. When the war began, British officials initially determined not to enlist Indians as allies in the war effort, but in 1777 Hamilton received instructions to encourage Indian raids against the American frontier settlements of Virginia and Pennsylvania . This was a controversial policy because it was realised that civilian colonists would inevitably be killed in these raids. Hamilton attempted to limit civilian casualties by sending British officers and French-Canadian militia with the American Indian war parties. Nevertheless, hundreds of settlers in Kentucky and western Pennsylvania were killed and Scalped by raiding parties during the war. In Detroit, Hamilton paid bounties for prisoners and scalps brought in by the Indians. He became hated by American settlers, who dubbed him the "Hair-buyer General". In 1778, Virginia forces under Colonel George Rogers Clark captured several undermanned British posts in the Illinois Country , including Fort Sackville at Vincennes . Hamilton set out from Detroit in late August to retake the post. By the coming of winter he had succeeded. But in February 1779 Clark returned to Vincennes in a surprise march, recapturing the outpost and taking Hamilton prisoner. Because of his support of the Indian raids, the Virginians regarded Hamilton as a war criminal rather than a conventional Prisoner Of War . Clark sent Hamilton to Williamsburg, Virginia , where he was jailed and often kept in irons by Governor Thomas Jefferson . Jefferson finally granted Hamilton parole at the instructions of General George Washington . In early 1781, Hamilton was exchanged and traveled to London. LATER CAREER Hamilton returned to Canada in 1782, becoming Lieutenant-Governor, and later Deputy-Governor at Quebec . He went on to be Governor of Bermuda (1786-1793) and of Dominica (1795-1796). He married late in life to Elizabeth Lee, and their only child was a daughter who died in 1871 without children. He died on the island of Antigua in 1796, while still Governor of Dominica. Sackville Hamilton , his older brother, was a Privy Councillor and Chief Secretary for Ireland. REFERENCES
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