| Harmonic And Individual Lines And Noise |
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| CATEGORIES ABOUT HARMONIC AND INDIVIDUAL LINES AND NOISE | |
| audio codecs | |
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A typical codec extracts sinusoid information from the samples by applying a Short-time Fourier Transform to the samples and using that to find the important harmonic content of a single frame. By matching sinusoids across frames, the encoder is capable of grouping them into harmonic lines and individual sinusoids. The matching can take amplitude, frequency and phase into account when trying to match sinusoids across frames. Differences between amplitude and frequency within a track can be coded with fewer bits than each individual single sinusoid would require, thus the longer a track the encoder can find, the better it will be able to reduce the final Bitrate . The decoder uses an add-and-overlap strategy: each frame in the bitstream contains parameters for 32 ms, however, the next frame starts halfway the current frame. By filtering the synthesized segments with a Hanning Filter adding two overlapping frames together will produce a smooth transition between the two. This also applies to the encoder because the short Fourier transform gives better results when the data is preprocessed with a Hanning filter. Synthesizing only the sinusoids sounds artificial and metallic. To mask this, the encoder subtracts the synthesized sinusoids from the original audio signal. The residual is then matched to a linear Filter that is excited with White Noise . The extracted parameters can than be quantized, coded and multiplexed into a Bitstream . FURTHER READING |
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