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It is first known to have appeared in 2002 in the wake of the February 12 congressional hearings titled "The Threat of Eco-Terrorism" which discussed groups including the or newsletter, ''Spirit of Freedom'' defined the term as "the tactics that the US government and all their tentacles ( FBI , IRS , BATF , Joint Terrorism Task Force s, local police, the court system) are using to attack the ELF/ALF and specifically those who publicly support them."http://www.geocities.com/kk_abacus/naelp2.html

The term has been used by activists to describe an 2006 sweep of arrests, convictions and Grand Jury indictments of ELF and ALF operatives on charges relating to acts of property damage, conspiracy, arson and use of destructive devices.http://www.fbi.gov/page2/jan06/elf012006.htmhttp://arizona.indymedia.org/news/2006/02/36924.php


OPERATION BACKFIRE

See Also: Operation Backfire


On and the sabotage of a power line near Bend, Oregon , in 1999. The FBI considers these crimes to be acts of Domestic Terrorism and the ELF to be the nation's top domestic terror threat.http://www.fbi.gov/page2/jan06/elf012006.htmhttp://prfamerica.org/EarthLiberationFrontNo1onFBIList.html

The evidence provided for the indictments came from the testimony of five cooperating witnesses.http://portland.indymedia.org/en/2006/01/332266.shtml Two of the cooperating witnesses, Stanislas Meyerhoffhttp://www.thestranger.com/seattle/Content?oid=29472 and Kevin Tubbs,http://portland.indymedia.org/en/2006/02/333571.shtml were included in the indictment.

On February 23 , 2006 , two more individuals, Nathan Fraser Block, 24, and Joyanna Lynn Zacher, 28, were arrested in Olympia, Washington.http://www.mediaisland.org/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=712&mode=thread&order=0&thold=0

On March 30 , 2006 , Briana Waters, a 30-year-old woman from California, was ordered to appear at a hearing at the U.S. District Court in Seattle after she was charged with two counts related to the May 2001 fire that destroyed the University Of Washington Center for Horticulture building. She pleaded not guilty to all charges. The first count, arson, carries a Mandatory Minimum term of five years imprisonment; the second, using or carrying a destructive device during a crime of violence, carries a mandatory minimum of 30 years. Waters was ordered released on her personal recognizance on condition she surrender her Passport . U.S. Magistrate-Judge Monica Benton, citing the "gravity of the case," also imposed Electronic Home Monitoring on Waters when she returns to the Bay Area. In ordering the monitoring, Benton noted Waters is a mother "who cares for a small child" and a self-employed violin teacher.http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002901176_uwarson31m.html

On April 6 , 2006 , U.S. Attorney McGregor Scott and FBI Special Agent Drew Parenti announced four new indictments in connection with an Earth Liberation Front (ELF) October 15, 2001 arson at the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) Litchfield Wild Horse and Burro Facility near Susanville, California. Three of those indicted already face ELF related charges in Oregon, including Canadian Darren Thurston, 36, who is in custody. Josephine Sunshine Overaker, 31, Rebecca Rubin, 32, and Joseph Dibee, 38, are at large, as is the fourth suspect named for the first time in Thursday's indictment, Justin Solondz, 26.http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060407/ap_on_re_us/horses_arson_1

On Center for Urban Horticulture.


CASES


Chris McIntosh


On , in which the prosecution said they would not ask that he spend more than ten years in prison. However, the judge was not bound to honor these requests.http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002688656_mcdonalds17m.html

Supporters criticized the sentence as excessive "for someone who caused $5,000 damage". Prosecutors argued it was important to "protect the public" from some one who expressed no remorse, saying McIntosh was "proud of his crime, and, given the chance, he would do the same thing again."http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002688656_mcdonalds17m.html


Peter Young


On December 23 , 2005 Codington County , South Dakota 's State Attorney Vince Foley announced that he was seeking to try Peter Daniel Young on state charges for releasing Mink from fur farms in 1997. Young was recently released after serving a two year sentence in federal prison for those same crimes.http://supportpeter.com/pipermail/updates_supportpeter.com/2005-December/000019.html


Auburn arrestees


On be added to the planned bombs.http://www.splcenter.org/intel/intelreport/article.jsp?aid=608

According to the FBI affidavit, evidence against the three came from a paid "confidential source (CS) who is deeply embedded within the subjects' cell. The CS has worked for the FBI since early 2004. S/he has agreed to testify in court." The document says that s/he has provided information in at least 12 Anarchist cases since 2004.http://static.kovr.viacomlocalnetworks.com/%7Ekovr/affidavit.pdf According to reports by alternative media, the CS infiltrated a wide range of protests across the USA and even some in Europe.http://portland.indymedia.org/en/2006/01/332735.shtmlhttp://miami.indymedia.org/uploads/2005/06/image032.jpghttp://community.livejournal.com/anarchists/1483825.html#cutid1


Rod Coronado


On s. He denies any role in the incident, and investigators do not consider him a suspect in starting the fire.http://www.fbiwitchhunt.com/SD2-23-06.html If convicted, he faces up to 25 years in prison and/or a $250,000 fine.http://bombsandshields.blogspot.com/2006/02/photo-of-rod-coronado-originally.html

On March 3 , 2006 Coronado was released on bail by Tucson Federal Magistrate Charles Pyle. He was required to report to the courtroom of Federal Judge Jeffrey Miller in San Diego on Monday, March 6 , 2006 .http://www.indybay.org/news/2006/03/1805982.php


Matt Lamont


On February 23 , 2006 Californian Anarchist and, according to sympathetic sources, "former Political Prisoner ", Mathew Lamont was arrested on a parole violation.


SHAC7


On of $1,000,001.00. SHAC USA was ordered to fully disclosure its finances and have its computers monitored.http://rochester.indymedia.org/newswire/display/19013/index.php


RESPONSE


The claiming the agency takes action "only when volatile talk crosses the line into violence and criminal activity".http://www.fbi.gov/pressrel/speeches/mueller012006.htm


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