is a large Victorian-era cemetery located in the north side community area of
Lakeview , in the city of
Chicago, Illinois , USA. Established in 1860, its main entrance is at
Clark and Irving Park. The
Sheridan stop on the
Red Line is the nearest
CTA "L" station.
In the 19th century a train to the north suburbs occupied the eastern edge of the cemetery where the "L" now rides. The line was also used to carry mourners to funerals, in specially rented funeral cars, requiring an entry on the east wall, now closed. At that point the cemetery would have been well outside the city limits of Chicago. After the
Great Chicago Fire in 1871,
Lincoln Park which had been the city's cemetery, was deconsecrated and the bodies moved here. The edge of the pond around
Daniel Burnham 's burial island is lined with broken headstones transported from Lincoln Park. Lincoln Park then became a recreational area, with a single mausoleum remaining, the "Couch tomb".
The cemetery is typical of those that reflect
Queen Victoria 's reconception of the early 19th century "graveyard". Instead of poorly-maintained headstones, and bodies buried on top of each other, on an ungenerous parcel of land; the cemetery became a pastoral landscaped park dotted with memorial markers, with room left over for picnics, a common usage of the cemetery.
Many of the cemetery's tombs are of great architectural or artistic interest, including the
Getty Tomb , the ''Martin Ryerson mausoleum'' (both designed by architect
Louis Sullivan , who is also buried here), and the ''Schoenhofen Pyramid Mausoleum''. The industrialist
George Pullman was buried at night, in a lead-lined coffin within an elaborately reinforced steel-and-concrete vault, to prevent his body from being exhumed and desecrated by labor activists.
Along with its other famous burials the cemetery is notable for two statues by sculptor
Lorado Taft , ''Eternal Silence'' for the Graves family plot and the ''Crusader'' that marks Victor Lawson's final resting place.
Graceland is one of three notable 19th century cemeteries which were previously well outside the city limits; the other two being
Rosehill (further north), and
Oak Woods (South of Hyde Park) which includes a major monument to Confederate civil war dead.
The cemetery's walls are topped off with barbed wire, as well as razor wire in some locations.
and
Bertha Honoré Palmer ]]
- David Adler , architect
- John Peter Altgeld , Governor of Illinois
- Philip Danforth Armour , meat packing magnate
- Fred A. Busse , mayor of Chicago
- Daniel H. Burnham , architect
- Members of the William Deering family
- Augustus Dickens , brother of Charles Dickens (he died penniless in Chicago)
- Marshall Field , businessman, retailer, whose memorial was designed by Henry Bacon , with sculpture by Daniel Chester French .
- Bob Fitzsimmons , Heavyweight boxing champion
- Melville Fuller , Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court
- Elbert H. Gary , judge, chairman of U.S. Steel
- Bruce A. Goff , architect
- Carter Harrison, Sr. , mayor of Chicago
- Carter Harrison, Jr. , mayor of Chicago
- William Holabird , Architect
- Henry Honore , businessman
- William Hulbert , president of baseball's National League
- Jack Johnson , Heavyweight boxing champion
- Fazlur Khan , architect
for Cary Eliza Getty, designed by Louis Sullivan , 1890]]
- William Kimball , Kimball Piano and Organ Company
- John Kinzie , Canadian pioneer, first white settler in the city of Chicago
- Cornelius Krieghoff , well known Canadian artist
- Frank Lowden , Governor of Illinois
- Marion Mahony Griffin , architect
- Cyrus McCormick , businessman, inventor
- Joseph Medill , publisher, mayor of Chicago
- Laszlo Moholy-Nagy , influential photographer, teacher, and founder of the New Bauhaus and Institute Of Design IIT in Chicago
- Richard Nickel , photographer, architectural historian and preservationist
- Ruth Page , dancer and choreographer
- Bertha Palmer , philanthropist
- Francis W. Palmer , newspaper printer, U.S. Representative , Public Printer Of The United States
- Potter Palmer , businessman
- Allan Pinkerton , detective
- George Pullman , inventor and railway industrialist
- John Wellborn Root , architect
- Louis Sullivan , architect
- Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe , architect
- Howard Van Doren Shaw , architect
- Frederick Wacker , politician
- Kate Warne , first female detective, Allan Pinkerton employee
- Daniel Hale Williams , African-American surgeon who performed one of the first successful operations on the pericardium
- Hucke, Matt and Ursela bielski, ''Graveyards of Chicago: the People, History, Art, and Lore of Cook County Cemeteries'', Lake Claremont Press, Chicago, 1999
- Lanctot, Barbara, ''A Walk Through Graceland Cemetery'', Chicago Architectural Foundation, Chicago, Illinois, 1988
