| Gonville And Caius College |
Article Index for Gonville |
Website Links For Gonville |
Information AboutGonville And Caius College |
Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge is a constituent College of Cambridge University . It is located in Cambridge , England , in the United Kingdom . The College is often referred to simply as Caius ( Pronounced ) (the College’s second founder John Keys fashionably latinized the spelling of his name after studying in Italy). The college’s present Master, the 41st, is Sir Christopher Hum . OUTLINE The College has been attended by for the last two years. The college has long historical associations with medical teaching especially due to its alumni physicians John Caius (who gave the college the Caduceus in its insignia) and William Harvey . The college first admitted women as fellows and students in 1979 . The college now has nearly 100 fellows, over 700 students and about 200 staff. HISTORY The College was first founded, as Gonville Hall, by Edmund Gonville , Rector of Terrington St Clement in Norfolk in 1348 , making it the fourth-oldest surviving college. When Gonville died three years later, he left a struggling institution with almost no money. The executor of his will, William Bateman , Bishop Of Norwich , stepped in, transferring the college to the land close to the college he had just founded, Trinity Hall , and renamed it '''The Hall of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary''', endowing it with its first buildings. By the sixteenth century, the college had fallen into disrepair, and in 1557 it was refounded by Royal Charter as Gonville and Caius College by the physician John Caius . John Caius was master of the college from 1559 until shortly before his death in 1573 . He provided the college with significant funds and greatly extended the buildings. During his time as Master, Caius accepted no payment but insisted on several unusual rules. He insisted that the college admit no scholar who “is deformed, dumb, blind, lame, maimed, mutilated, a Welshman, or suffering from any grave or contagious illness, or an invalid, that is sick in a serious measure” (see Brooke's ''History'', p. 69-70, where it is suggested that 'Wallicum' is a scribal error for 'Gallicum'). Caius also built a three-sided court, Caius Court, “lest the air from being confined within a narrow space should become foul”. Caius did however found the college as a strong centre for the study of Medicine , a tradition that it aims to keep to this day. By 1630 , the college had expanded greatly, having around 25 fellows and 150 students, but numbers fell over the next century, only returning to the 1630 level in the early nineteenth century. Since then the college has grown considerably and now has one of the largest undergraduate populations in the university. It is one of the more wealthy colleges with an estimated Financial Endowment of £115m and net assets of £140.5m in 2006. Caius also admits academically accomplished American and other foreign students for its various summer programmes, the most prominent of which has been organized in the United States by the University Of New Hampshire , although these programmes are not to the Tripos standard. RULES & TRADITIONS Gonville and Caius College is one of the few remaining colleges which enforces attendance of its students at communal dinners, known as 'Hall'. Consisting of a three-course meal served by waiting staff, undergraduates must buy 45 'dinner tickets' per term. Hall takes place in two sittings, with the second sitting known as 'Formal Hall', which must be attended wearing gowns. The college also enforces the system of Exeats , or official permission to leave the college. At the end of term students must get permission from their tutors to leave the college. If they do not, they are fined. BUILDINGS The first buildings to be erected on the college’s current site date from 1353 when Bishop Bateman built Gonville Court. The college chapel was added in 1393 with the Old Hall (used until recently as a library) and Master’s Lodge following in the next half century. Most of the stone used to build the college came from Ramsey Abbey near Ramsey, Cambridgeshire . On the refoundation by Dr Caius, the college was expanded and updated. In 1565 the building of Caius Court began, and he planted an avenue of trees in what is now known as Tree Court. Caius was also responsible for the building of the college’s three gates, symbolising the path of academic life. On matriculation, one arrives at the Gate of Humility (near the Porters’ Lodge). In the centre of the college one passes through the Gate of Virtue regularly. And finally, graduating students pass through the Gate of Honour on their way to the neighbouring Senate House to receive their degrees. The students of Gonville and Caius commonly refer to the fourth gate in the college, between Tree Court and Gonville Court, which also contains the access to the toilets, as The Gate of Necessity. Gonville Court was refaced in a classical design in the 1750s, and the Old Library and hall were designed by Anthony Salvin in 1854 . On the wall of the hall hangs a college flag that was flown at the South Pole by Dr Wilson during the famous 1912 expedition. St Michael's and St Mary's Courts lie across Trinity Street on land surrounding St Michael's Church. The full formation of St Michael's Court only occurred in the 1930s, with the building at the south side of the court of a block overlooking the market place. Students and fellows are accommodated in all of the courts on the central site. Caius also has one of the largest and most architecturally impressive student libraries in Oxbridge {Link without Title} , housed in the Cockerell Building. Previously the Seeley History Library and the Squire Law Library, Caius acquired the lease on the Cockrell Building in the 1990s. The college library was relocated from Gonville Court in the late 1990s, following an extensive renovation of the Cockrell Building. Caius owns a substantial amount of land between West Rd and Selwyn Avenue. Set in idyllic landscaped gardens, the modern Harvey Court (named after William Harvey and designed by Sir Leslie Martin .) was built on the West Rd site in 1961 . Adjacent to Harvey Court is the £13 million Stephen Hawking Building, which opened its doors to first-year undergraduates in October 2006. Providing en-suite accommodation for 75 students and eight fellows, as well as providing conference facilities in the vacations, the Stephen Hawking Building boasts some of the highest-standard student accommodation in Cambridge. The college owns a large number of residential properties across Cambridge, many of which are used to house both undergraduate and postgraduate students. THE OLD COURTS Tree Court is the largest of the Old Courts. It is so named because John Caius planted an avenue of trees there. Although none of the original trees survived, the court retains a number of trees and the tree-lined avenue, which is unusual for a Cambridge front court. The interior north-east corner of the Waterhouse Building can be seen on the left. Gonville Court, though remodelled in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, is the oldest part of the college. The interior east side of Gonville Court, opposite Hall, can be seen on the left. The ''Gate of Honour'' (to the left), at the south side of Caius Court, though the most direct way from the Old Courts to the College Library (''Cockerell Building'', behind the wall on the right), is only used for special occasions such as graduation. The ''Senate House'' (on the left) as well as ''King’s College Chapel'' (directly behind the Gate of Honour) can also be seen. NOTABLE ALUMNI , in Cambridge, commemorating John Venn and his invention of the Venn diagram.]] ''See also ''
NOTABLE FELLOWS AND MASTERS , in Cambridge, commemorating Francis Crick and representing the structure of DNA .]] ''See also
SEE ALSO EXTERNAL LINKS
REFERENCES Brooke, C. ''A history of Gonville and Caius College.'' Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell, 1985 (corrected reprint, 1996). ISBN 0-85115-423-9. |
|
|