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ETHNICITY Beside the Swede s, the Sweden-Finns are the largest Ethnic Minority comprising approximately 50,000 Indigenous People along the Swedish-Finnish border, and 450,000 first- and second generation immigrated Ethnic Finn s. Also in the farthest North a small indigenous population of Samis live (sometimes referred to as ''"Lapps",'' which, however, is considered a pejorative term by the Sami). LANGUAGE See Also: Swedish Language Languages of Sweden Even though , Meänkieli , Standard- Finnish , Romani Chib and Yiddish . The Sami Language , spoken by about 7,000 people in Sweden, may be used in Government Agencies , Court s, Preschool s and Nursing Home s in the Municipalities of Arjeplog , Gällivare , Jokkmokk and Kiruna and its immediate neighbourhood. Similary, Finnish and Meänkieli can be used in the municipalities of Gällivare , Haparanda , Kiruna , Pajala and Övertorneå and its immediate neighbourhood. Finnish is also official language, along with Swedish, in the city of Eskilstuna . The largest minority languages are those spoken by immigrants, the most popular of which are Finnish , Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian , Arabic , Persian , Spanish , Kurdish , English , Baluchi and Somalian .http://www.integrationsverket.se/tpl/NewsPage____1038.aspx EMIGRATION In the nineteenth century Sweden had a yearly population growth peaking at 1.2% – i.e. a doubling in less than 60 years, compared to 1% – today (migration excluded). This led, before the Industrial Revolution , to a pauperization of the rural population, for each generation inheriting smaller and smaller shares. Due to years of crop failures in the 1840s and 1860s, the U.S. Homestead Act of 1862, and to a lesser extent religious persecution, Emigration started and grew. Between 1850 and 1930 1,050,000 Swedes emigrated (re-migration excluded), chiefly to Canada , U.S. and to Denmark . If they had not left, Sweden's population would have been about 2,000,000 higher today, given that famine and civil war hadn't been the outcome of their staying. (After 1929 the net-migration has been directed towards Sweden.) The re-migration of Swedish nationals from U.S. was culturally more important than the absolute figures reveal. The re-migrants often re-settled in their native parish, where their relative wealth and foreign experience ensured a Prestigious Position in the community. U.S. views, values and not the least world-view followed the re-migrants, ensuring a popular perception of closeness to U.S., contrary to the situation in for instance neighbouring Denmark or Finland (and contrary to the Swedish elite's closeness to Germany and Europe). IMMIGRATION As Of 2004 , 12.5% of the population is foreign-born, a comparably high figure. The government and the population has not, as in traditional immigrant destinations such as Australia or the USA , had centuries of immigration to adapt laws and mindset to the situation. Immigration increased markedly with World War II . Soon 70,000 War Children were evacuated from Finland , of which 15,000 remained in Sweden. Also, many of Denmark's nearly 7000 Jews who were evacuated to Sweden decided to remain there. Until 1973 work-force immigration dominated, peaking in the late 1960s . The largest immigrant groups are Finns and peoples from the former Yugoslavia representing both work-force immigration and war refugees. Migration triggered by political crises include refugee groups of Persians , Kurds , Palestinian s, Jew s, Vietnam ese, Chile ans, Baluchis and Hungarians . Net migration rate: 1 migrant/1,000 population (1989) 3 migrants/1,000 population (1990) 3 migrants/1,000 population (1991) 3 migrants/1,000 population (1992) 2 migrants/1,000 population (1993) 3 migrants/1,000 population (1994) 2.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995) 2.27 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996) 1.69 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1997) 1.69 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1998) 1.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1999) 0.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000) 0.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001) 0.95 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002) 1.00 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003) 1.67 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004) 1.67 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005) 1.66 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006)
BIRTHS AND DEATHS AGE STRUCTURE
, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands.]] SEX RATIO
LITERACY
NATIONALITY noun: Swede(s) adjective: Swedish SEE ALSO REFERENCES EXTERNAL LINKS
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