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Daniel Bernoulli ( February 8 , 1700 – March 17 , 1782 ) was a Dutch -born Mathematician who spent much of his life in Basel , Switzerland where he died. A member of a talented family of mathematicians and scientists, he is particularly remembered for his applications of mathematics to mechanics, especially Fluid Mechanics , and for his pioneering work in Probability and Statistics . EARLY LIFE Born in Groningen , the son of Johann Bernoulli , nephew of Jakob Bernoulli , younger brother of Nicolaus II Bernoulli , and older brother of Johann II, Daniel Bernoulli has been described as "by far the ablest of the younger Bernoullis".Rouse Ball (1908) He is said to have had a bad relationship with his father. Upon both of them entering and tying for first place in a scientific contest at the University Of Paris , Johann, unable to bear the "shame" of being compared to his offspring, banned Daniel from his house. Johann Bernoulli also tried to steal Daniel's book ''Hydrodynamica'' and rename it ''Hydraulica.'' Despite Daniel's attempts at reconciliation, his father carried the grudge until his death.O'Connor & Robertson (1998) When Daniel was five, his younger brother Johann II Bernoulli was born. Around schooling age, his father, Johann Bernoulli, encouraged him to study business, there being poor rewards awating a mathematician. However, Daniel refused, because he wanted to study mathematics. He later gave in to his father's wish and studied business. His father then asked him to study in Medicine , and Daniel agreed under the condition that his father would teach him mathematics privately, which they continued for some time. He was a contemporary and intimate friend of Leonard Euler . He went to St. Petersburg in 1724 as professor of mathematics, but was unhappy there, and a temporary illness in 1733 gave him an excuse for leaving. He returned to the University Of Basel , where he successively held the chairs of Medicine , Metaphysics and Natural Philosophy until his death. MATHEMATICAL WORK His earliest mathematical work was the ''Exercitationes'' (''Mathematical Exercises''), published in 's '' Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica '' and the investigations of Pierre-Simon Laplace . Bernoulli also wrote a large number of papers on various mechanical questions, especially on problems connected with vibrating strings, and the solutions given by Brook Taylor and by Jean Le Rond D'Alembert . STATISTICS Daniel Bernoulli was also the author in 1738 of ''Specimen theoriae novae de mensura sortis (Exposition of a New Theory on the Measurement of Risk)'',English translation in ''Econometrica'' 22 (1954) ''pp''23-36 in which the St. Petersburg Paradox was the base of the economic theory of Risk Aversion , Risk Premium and Utility .Martin (2004) One of the earliest attempts to analyse a statistical problem involving Censored Data was Bernoulli's 1766 analysis of Smallpox morbidity and mortality data to demonstrate the efficacy of Vaccination .reprinted in Blower (2004) PHYSICS He is the earliest writer who attempted to formulate a Kinetic Theory Of Gases , and he applied the idea to explain Boyle's Law . He worked with Euler on Elasticity and the development of the Euler-Bernoulli Beam Equation .Timoshenko (1983) Bernoulli's Principle is of critical use in Aerodynamics . {Link without Title} (2001) "Daniel Bernoulli", '' Encyclopaedia Britannica '' REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHY ''Original entry based on the Public Domain Rouse History Of Mathematics ''
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