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Dalton's Law




Mathematically, the pressure of a mixture of gases can be defined as the summation



:P_{total} = \sum_{i=1} ^ n {p_i}       or      P_{total} = p_1 +p_2 + \cdots + p_n


where p_{1},\ p_{2},\ p_{n} represent the partial pressure of each component.

It is assumed that the gases do not React with each other.

:\ P_{i} =P_{total}m_i

where m_i\ = the mole fraction of the i-the component in the total mixture of m components .

The relationship below provides a way to determine the Volume Based Concentration of any individual gaseous component.

:P_i = rac{P_{total}C_i}{1,000,000}

where: C_i\ = is the concentration of the ith component expressed in Ppm .

Dalton's law is not exactly followed by real gases. Those deviations are considerably large at high pressures. In such conditions, the volume occupied by the molecules can become significant compared to the free space between them. Moreover, the short average distances between molecules raises the intensity of Intermolecular Force s between gas molecules enough to substantially change the pressure exerted by them. Neither of those effects are considered by the ideal gas model.


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