Information AboutDvb |
| CATEGORIES ABOUT DVB | |
| digital television | |
| high-definition television | |
| open standards | |
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DVB, short for '''Digital Video Broadcasting''', is a suite of internationally accepted Open Standard s for Digital Television . DVB standards are maintained by the ''DVB Project'', an industry consortium with more than 270 members, and they are published by a ''Joint Technical Committee'' (JTC) of European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), European Committee For Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC) and European Broadcasting Union (EBU). The interaction of the DVB sub-standards is described in the ''DVB Cookbook'' (DVB-Cook). TRANSMISSION DVB systems distribute data using a variety of approaches, including by Satellite ( DVB-S , DVB-S2 and DVB-SH ; also DVB-SMATV for distribution via SMATV ); ''' Cable ''' ( DVB-C ); ''' Terrestrial Television ''' ( DVB-T ) and Terrestrial Television for Handheld s ( DVB-H ); and via ''' Microwave ''' using DTT ( DVB-MT ), the MMDS ( DVB-MC ), and/or MVDS standards ( DVB-MS ) These standards define the Physical Layer and Data Link Layer of the distribution system. Devices interact with the physical layer via a synchronous parallel interface (SPI), synchronous serial interface (SSI), or asynchronous serial interface (ASI). All data is transmitted in MPEG-2 Transport Stream s with some additional constraints (DVB-MPEG). A standard for temporally compressed distribution to mobile devices ('''DVB-H''') was published in November 2004. These distribution systems differ mainly in the ) in combination with COFDM and Hierarchical Modulation CONTENT Besides audio and video transmission, DVB also defines data connections (DVB-DATA - ; '''DVB-NPI''': network protocol independent). Older technologies such as Teletext (DVB-TXT) and Vertical Blanking Interval data ('''DVB-VBI''') are also supported by the standards to ease conversion. However for many applications more advanced alternatives like '''DVB-SUB''' for sub-titling are available. ENCRYPTION AND METADATA The Conditional Access system (DVB-CA) defines a common scrambling algorithm ('''DVB-CSA''') and a physical Common Interface ('''DVB-CI''') for accessing Scramble d content. DVB-CA providers develop their wholly proprietary conditional access systems with reference to these specifications. Multiple simultaneous CA systems can be assigned to a scrambled DVB program stream providing operational and commercial flexibility for the service provider. DVB is also developing a Content Protection and Copy Management system for protecting content after it has been received ( DVB-CPCM ), which is intended to allow flexible use of recorded content on a home network or beyond, while preventing unconstrained sharing on the Internet. DVB-CPCM has been the source of much controversy in the popular press and it's said that CPCM is the DVB's answer to the failed American Broadcast Flag.1 DVB transports include Metadata called Service Information (DVB-SI, ETSI EN 300 468, ETSI TR 101 211) that links the various elementary streams into coherent programs and provides human-readable descriptions for Electronic Program Guide s as well as for automatic searching and filtering. Recently, DVB has adopted a profile of the metadata defined by the TV-Anytime Forum (DVB-TVA, ETSI TS 102323). This is an XML Schema based technology and the DVB profile is tailored for enhanced Personal Digital Recorders . DVB lately also started an activity to develop a solution for IPTV ('''DVB-IPI''', ETSI TR 102033, ETSI TS 102034, ETSI TS 102814) which also includes metadata definitions for a broadband content guide ('''DVB-BCG''', ETSI publication expected December 2006). SOFTWARE PLATFORM The DVB Multimedia Home Platform (DVB-MHP) defines a Java -based platform for the development of consumer video system applications. In addition to providing abstractions for many DVB and MPEG-2 concepts, it provides interfaces for other features like network card control, application download, and layered graphics. List of other User Interaction Software Platforms . RETURN CHANNEL DVB has standardised a number of return channels that work together with DVB(-S/T/C) to create Bi-directional communication. RCS is short for Return Channel Satellite , and specifies return channels in C , Ku and Ka frequency bands with return bandwidth of up to 2 Mbit /s. DVB-RCT is short for Return Channel Terrestrial , specified by ETSI EN 301958 ADOPTION DVB-S and DVB-C were ratified in 1994. DVB-T was ratified in early 1997. The first commercial DVB-T broadcasts were performed by the , Germany was the first area to completely stop broadcasting analog TV signals. Many European countries aim to be fully covered with digital television by 2010 and switch off PAL / SECAM services by then. In its origin Europe , in Australia , South Africa and India DVB is used throughout the areas it covers or is at least decided to be. This also holds true for cable and satellite in most Asia n, Africa n and many South America n countries. Many of these have not yet selected a format for digital terrestrial broadcasts (DTTV) and a few (Canada, Mexico and South Korea ) chose ATSC instead of DVB-T. In over DVB-T technology while lone satellite programming provider ASTRO has been transmitting in DVB-S since its inception in 1996. Free-to-air DVB-T trials began in late 2006 with a simulcast of both RTM1 and RTM2 plus a new channel called RTM3/RTMi. In April 2007, RTM announced that the outcome of the test is favorable and expects DVB-T to go public by the end of 2007. Analog shut-off date is also announced to be sometime in 2015. With the exception of Sky PerfecTV! , Japan uses different formats in all areas ( ISDB ), which are however quite similar to their DVB counterparts. SkyPerfect is a satellite provider using DVB on their 124 and 128 degrees east satellites. Their satellite at 110 degrees east does not use DVB, however. In North America , DVB-S is often used in signal compression and encoding of digital satellite communications alongside Hughes DSS . Unlike Motorola 's DigiCipher 2 standard, DVB has a wider adoption in terms of the number of manufacturers of receivers. Cable operators either use DVB-C or OpenCable . Terrestrial HDTV broadcasts use ATSC digital encoding with 8VSB modulation instead of DVB-T's COFDM. In Hong Kong , several cable TV operators such as TVB Pay Vision and Cable TV have already started using DVB-S or DVB-C. The government has decided digital terrestrial broadcasting will start not later than 2007, and it is up to the broadcasters to decide which system to use. Originally it was thought that Mainland China would adopt DVB-T, but instead they have decided to create their own digital television standard, the DMB-T/H standard, made in collaboration of two chinese universities. As of 2005, DVB-T television sets are not significantly more expensive than analog television sets. Most popular in Europe are the set-top boxes that enable DVB-T to be received through an ordinary analogue television, with the price dropping remarkably in the last year. In New Zealand , DVB broadcasting is marketed under the Freeview brand name. DVB-S broadcasts via satellite begin on 2 May 2007 and DVB-T (terrestrial) broadcasts are scheduled to begin in early 2008. Initially, consumers will be required to purchase set-top boxes, as DVB-capable TV sets are not yet available in New Zealand. DVB COMPLIANT PRODUCTS Companies that manufacture a product that is compliant to one or more DVB standards have the option of registering a Declaration of Conformity for that product. Wherever the DVB trademark is used in relation to a product – be it a broadcast, a service, an application or equipment – the product must be registered with the DVB Project Office. SEE ALSO
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