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TYPES Citronella oil is classified in trade into two chemotypes:Chang, Yu Shyun, 2007, ''8 Map species from Malaysia for ICS,'' Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Workshop on NFP, 28-29 May 2007, Nanchang, PR China {Link without Title}
Both types probably originated from Mana Grass of Ceylon , which according to Finnemore ( 1962 ) occurs today in two wild forms--''Cymbopogon nardus'' var. ''linnae (typicus)'' and ''C. nardus'' var. ''confertiflorus''. Neither wild form is known to be used for Distillation to any appreciable extent. Citronella oil from Cymbopogon species should not be confused with other similar lemony oils from '' Corymbia Citriodora '' and '' Pelargonium Citrosum ''. WORLD PRODUCTION At present, the world production of citronella oil is approximately 7,000 Tonne s, the bulk of which is produced in Taiwan , Guatemala , Honduras , Indonesia , Brazil , China , Sri Lanka , India , Argentina , Ecuador , Madagascar , Mexico and the West Indies . USE AS AN INSECT REPELLENT Citronella oil is used as an insect repellent. Its mosquito repellency qualities have been verified by research,Jeong-Kyu KIM, Chang-Soo KANG, Jong-Kwon LEE, Young-Ran KIM, Hye-Yun HAN, Hwa Kyung YUN, ''Evaluation of Repellency Effect of Two Natural Aroma Mosquito Repellent Compounds, Citronella and Citronellal'', Entomological Research 35 (2), 117–120, 2005 including effectiveness in repelling '' Aedes Aegypti ''. Ibrahim Jantan, and Zaridah Mohd. Zaki, ''Developemnt of environment-friendly insect repellents from the leaf oils of selected Malaysian plants'', ASEAN Review of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation (ARBEC), May 1998.Trongtokit Y, Rongsriyan Y, Komalamisra N, Apiwathnasom L, ''Comparative repellency of 38 essential oils against mosquito bites,'' Phytother Res. 2005 Apr;19(4):303-9 {Link without Title} SAFETY AS REPELLENT The US Environmental Protection Agency states that studies show that Oil of Citronella has little or no Toxicity when used as a topical insect repellent, with no reports of adverse effects of concern over a 50 year period. Because some products are applied to human skin, EPA requires proper precautionary labeling to help assure safe use. It states that if used according to label instructions in the US, citronella is not expected to pose health risks to people, including children and other sensitive populations.1 The US Food & Drug Administration consider citronella oil as generally recognized as safe ( GRAS ). In Europe , Ceylon type citronella oil is placed on the category 3 list, with some safety concern regarding methyl eugenol.Chang, Yu Shyun, 2007, ''8 Map species from Malaysia for ICS,'' Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Workshop on NFP, 28-29 May 2007, Nanchang, PR China {Link without Title} Citronella may irritate skin and cause Dermatitis in certain individuals. It should not be used on young children (under 3 years old). REFERENCES |
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