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The prominence of this position has risen greatly as information technology has become a more important part of business. The CIO may be a member of the executive board of the organization, but this is dependent on the type of organization. No specific qualification is typical of CIOs in general; every CIO position has its own specific job description. In the past, many had degrees in Computer Science , Software Engineering , or Information Systems , but this is by no means universal. Many were technical staff. More recently CIOs' leadership capabilities, business acumen and strategic perspectives have taken precedence over technical skills. It is now quite common for CIOs to be appointed from the business side of the organization. Due to the short tenure of many CIOs, CIO is sometimes facetiously ascribed the Backronym of "career is over." One recent survey shows an average turnover rate of 5.7 years. {Link without Title} The CIO role has in some cases been expanded to become the Chief Knowledge Officer . The CIO role is also sometimes used interchangeably with the Chief Technology Officer role, although they are slightly different. CTO's are responsible for technological research and development as part of products and services whereas a CIO deals primarily with information technology as infrastructure. REFERENCES 1 EXTERNAL LINKS
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