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, Washington D.C. ]] , Hong Kong , China ]] In Architecture , Construction , Engineering and Real Estate Development the word building may refer to one of the following: # Any man-made structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use or continuous Occupancy , or # An act of Construction . To differentiate ''buildings'' and other structures that are ''not'' intended for continuous human Occupancy , the latter are called Nonbuilding Structure s. Structural height in technical usage is the height to the highest architectural detail on building from street-level. Depending on how they are classified, spires and masts may or may not be included in this height. Spires and masts used as antennas are not generally included. CONCEPT Buildings serve several needs of society. Along with access to food and drinking water, the need for places that are protected from the Outdoors and where one can comfortably live, work, eat, sleep, Procreate or engage in Leisurely Activities has always been a top priority for Human s. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the Human Habitat into the ''inside'' (a place of comfort and safety) and the ''outside'' (a place that at times may be harsh and harmful). Humans have a remarkable drive to reflect on their lives and express themselves through s, buildings have become objects of artistic expression. In recent years, interest in Sustainable planning and building practices has increased in the U.S. HISTORY The first artificial shelter on Earth is believed to be built 500,000 years ago by an ancient ancestor of Human s, Homo Erectus .Over centuries, homes were technologically advancing. Some were simply inhabited caves, while others were made of dried mud or stone. In these times, there were little furnishings in these homes, besides perhaps a family altar or a table for eating. 1 Before the invention of the Passenger Elevator , few buildings were higher than five stories. In the New World, the Anasazi built three- and four-story towers in the 12th and 13th centuries AD. When Elisha Otis invented the passenger elevator, buildings could be built much higher. Today, the Sears Tower has 108 stories. TYPES See Also: List of building types Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional Commercial buildings are for business use, e.g., for offices and sales. Industrial buildings include manufacturing and warehousing functions, for example. Institutional buildings, such as governmental and military hospitals, colleges, and administration buildings are normally built for longer lives. Residential Residential buildings are called House s. Single family and multi-family dwellings are typically built as shelter and living space. These building types may range from one-room wood-framed, masonry, or Adobe dwellings to multi-million dollar high-rise buildings able to house thousands of people. The definition of a low-rise vs. a high-rise residential building is being debated, but generally three stories or less is considered low-rise. Multi-story A multi-story building ( American English , Multi-storey Building British English ) is a Building that has multiple Floor s (stories (storeys in British)) above ground in the building. Multi-story buildings aim to increase the area of the building without increasing the area of the land the building is built on, hence saving land and, in most cases, money (depending on material used and land prices in the area, of course). CREATION The practice of designing, constructing, and operating buildings is normally a collective effort of different groups of Professional s and Trades . Depending on the size, complexity, and purpose of a particular building project, the project team may include:
Regardless of their size or intended use, all buildings in the US must comply with Zoning Ordinance s, Building Code s and other regulations such as Fire Code s, Life Safety Code s and related standards. Vehicles—such as Trailers , Caravans , Ship s and passenger Aircraft —are treated as "buildings" for life safety purposes. Building ownership and funding Planning and design
Construction See Also: Building construction Operation See Also: Facility management BUILDING SERVICES Conveying systems Systems for Transport of people within buildings:
Systems for transport of people between interconnected buildings: SEE ALSO
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