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ORIGINS OF BOROUGH STATUS See Also: History of the English borough Until the local government reforms of 1973 and 1974 , Borough s were communities possessing charters of incorporation conferring considerable powers, and were governed by a municipal corporation headed by a mayor. The corporations had been reformed by legislation beginning in 1835 ( 1840 in Ireland ). By the time of their abolition there were three types:
Many of the older boroughs could trace their origin to medieval charters or were boroughs by prescription, with Saxon origins. Most of the boroughs created after 1835 were new industrial, resort or suburban towns that had grown up after the Industrial Revolution . Borough corporations could also have the Status Of A City . For pre-1974 boroughs, see Municipal Corporations Act 1835 , Boroughs Incorporated In England And Wales 1835 - 1882 , Unreformed Boroughs In England And Wales 1835 - 1886 , Boroughs Incorporated In England And Wales 1882 - 1974 , Municipal Corporations (Ireland) Act 1840 MODERN BOROUGH STATUS England and Wales Outside Greater London , borough status is granted to Metropolitan and Non-metropolitan District s under the provisions of section 245 of the Local Government Act 1972 . This section allows the council of a district to petition the monarch for a charter granting borough status. The resolution must have the support of at least two-thirds of the councillors. Having received the petition the monarch may, on the advice of the Privy Council grant a charter whereupon:
Charters granted under the 1972 Act may allow the borough council to appoint "local officers of dignity" previously appointed by an abolished borough corporation. Examples include:
There is no obligation on the council to appoint persons to these positions. In some boroughs the mayor has the additional title as "Admiral of the Port", recalling an historic jurisdiction. The Lord Mayor of Chester is Admiral of the Dee, the Mayor of Medway is Admiral of the River Medway, and the Mayors of Poole and Southampton are Admirals of those ports. Privileges or rights belonging to citizens or burgesses of a former borough can be transferred to the inhabitants of the new borough. Borough councils are permitted to pass a resolution admitting "persons of distinction" and persons who have "rendered eminent service" to be an honorary freeman of the borough. This power has been used to grant freedom not only to individuals, but to units and ships of the armed forces. England Borough charters granted under section 245 of the Local Government Act 1972 to Metropolitan and Non-metropolitan District s of England Greater London is divided into thirty-two London Borough s. Their borough status dates from 1965 , although each of them had previously included Municipal , County or Metropolitan boroughs: Wales Borough charters granted under section 245 of the Local Government Act 1972 to Welsh districts The districts created in 1974 were abolished in 1996 by the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 . The 1994 Act amended section 245 of the Local Government Act 1972, allowing for the new unitary county councils established by the Act to apply for a charter in a similar manner to the old district councils. On receiving a charter a county became a "county borough". Welsh unitary authorities granted a charter in 1996 bestowing county borough status Northern Ireland Since 1973 , Northern Ireland has been divided into twenty-six local government districts. Under the Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972 districts can have borough status either by adopting the charter of a pre-1973 municipal or county borough, or by applying for a charter granting the status. Northern Ireland Local Government Districts with Borough status The number of districts is to be reduced to seven in 2007 , the areas of which have yet to be precisely determined. As of July 2006 , no legislation has been passed regarding the status of the new districts. SEE ALSO EXTERNAL LINKS
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