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Archangels (, Judaism and Zoroastrianism . In Biblical Christianity, the only archangel ever clearly named as being of the order is Michael . The word ''archangel'' derives from the Greek αρχάγγελος ''archangelos'' = αρχ- ''arch''- ("first, primary, chief") and άγγελος ''angelos'' ("messenger"). IN JUDAISM There are no explicit references to archangels in the Canonical texts of the Hebrew Bible ( Old Testament ). Indeed even angels are uncommon except in later works like Daniel , though they are mentioned briefly in the stories of Jacob (who, according to several interpretations, wrestled with an angel) and Lot (who was warned by angels of the impending destruction of the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah ). The earliest references to archangels are in the literature of the intertestamental periods (''e.g.'', 4 Esdras 4:36). It is therefore widely speculated that Jewish interest in angels was learned during the Babylonian Captivity . Judaism at HighBeam Encyclopedia , Section: The Postexilic Period According to Rabbi Simeon Ben Lakish of Tiberias ( 230 – 270 AD ), all the specific names for the angels were brought back by the Jews from Babylon . Within the rabbinic tradition, the , Sariel , Raguel , and Remiel (possibly the Ramiel of the '' Apocalypse Of Baruch '', said to preside over true visions), Zadkiel , Jophiel , Haniel and Chamuel .Metzger & Coogan (1993) ''Oxford Companion to the Bible'', p54. In addition, traditional homes often sing an ode to angels before having Friday night (Shabbos) dinner. It is entitled "Shalom Aleichem," meaning peace unto them (referring to the angels). IN CHRISTIANITY . Painting by El Greco (1575)]] The . Contrary to popular belief, Gabriel is never called 'archangel' in the Gospels . In later Church tradition, however, there are three archangels: Michael, , Jegudiel , and Barachiel . Sometimes Satan (named Satanel in the Book Of Enoch ) is considered a fallen archangel whose original name was Lucifer . Jewish Encyclopedia , Entry: Samael Some Protestant s view Michael as the sole archangel, as the only one explicitly described as such in the Protestant canon of the Bible.Graham, Billy (1975), ''Angels: God's Secret Agents'', ISBN: 0849950740 () The edition of the Bible used by Protestants, which excludes the Apocrypha , never mentions a "Raphael" and he is therefore not recognized by many of them. Raphael, however, is mentioned in the Book Of Tobit , one of the Deuterocanonical Books . In the story, Raphael comes to the aid of Tobit, healing him of blindness, and his son Tobias, driving away a demon that would have killed him. Raphael also plays an important role in The Book Of Enoch . and Seraphim .]] Jehovah's Witnesses believe that Michael is one of the names Jesus has in heaven. Watchtower Official Website , "The Truth About Angels" In this view, Michael is the first and greatest of all God's creatures, the chief messenger of Jehovah that takes the lead in vindicating God's name, fighting the forces of Satan and protecting God's people on earth. (Revelation 12:7• Daniel 12:1) This belief is held because of the prominence Michael has among the heavenly sons of God in the Bible, the similarity of Michel’s and Jesus’ mission and the connection of Jesus with the archangelic office in the biblical book 1Thessalonians 4:16, where it says regarding Jesus: "Because the Lord himself will descend from Heaven with a commanding call, with an archangel's voice." This is in contrast to certain Protestants, such as 8:11) IN ISLAM In Islam, Arab World Ministries , "What Muslims Believe" the named archangels include Michael or Mikail (archangel of sustenance), Gabriel or Jibril (archangel of revelation; who brought the Qur'an to Muhammad), and the Angel Of Death - a common name for the angel is Izra-eel.-; however, not mentioned in any scriptures. The names that are mentioned include the "Angel of Death" or Malak al-Maut, Israfil or Israfil (archangel who is to blow the horn on Judgment Day), Maalik (Keeper of Hell), Munkar And Nakir (Angels of Interrogation that will question deceased souls on their life before their death) and Radwan (Keeper of Heaven). Neither Israfil nor Izrail are mentioned in the Qur'an, however, and neither Nakir nor Munkar are mentioned as archangels in the Qur'an or any other Islamic Text. OTHER TRADITIONS Occultists sometimes associate archangels in Kabbalistic fashion with various seasons or elements, or even colors. In some Kabbalah-based systems of Ceremonial Magic , all four of the main archangels (Michael, Gabriel, Raphael and Uriel) are invoked as guarding the four quarters, or directions, and their corresponding colors are associated with magical properties. The Pagan's Path , Metaphysics 101: The Archangels In , whose purpose is to alienate humanity from the spiritual world and promote materialism and heartless technical control. In art, archangels are usually depicted with larger wings and many eyes. Some of the more commonly represented archangels are Gabriel , Michael, Raphael , Metatron , Uriel , and Satanel . Angels in Art on HumanitiesWeb Saraqael is described as one of the angels that watches over "the spirits that sin in the spirit". ( 1 Enoch 20:7, 8) REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHY |
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