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Aneurysmal Bone Cystjpg
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The ABC is located on the left, on the fifth metacarpal Notice that the bone appears to be missing on the x-ray
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D017824
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An aneurysmal . The term aneurysmal is derived from its
Radiograph ic appearance.
Trauma is considered the initiating factor in the development of some
Cyst s, in documented cases involving an acute fracture. Local alterations in the blood flow are related to obstructions that are important in the development of an aneurysmal bone cyst.
The lesion generally arises in a pre-existing bone
Tumor , this is because of the abnormal bones changes in
Hemodynamics . An aneurysmal bone cyst can arise from a pre-existing
Chondroblastoma , a
Chondromyxoid Fibroma , an
Osteoblastoma , a
Giant Cell Tumor , or
Fibrous Dysplasia . A giant cell tumor is the most common cause, occurring in 19% to 39% of cases. Less frequently, it results from some
Malignant tumors, such as
Osteosarcoma ,
Chondrosarcoma , and
Hemangioendothelioma .
Aneurysmal bone cysts may be
Intraosseous , staying inside of the bone marrow. Or they may be
Extraosseous , developing on the surface of the bone, and extending into the marrow.
# Initial phase of
Osteolysis .
# Active growth phase, characterized by destruction of bone tissue.
# Stable stage, where a formation of a bony shell and internal bony septa produce its soap bubble appearance.
# Healing phase where the cyst eventually heals into an irregular dense bony mass.
Aneurysmal bone cysts are more common in females than males. Most of these occur between the ages of 10-30, with about 75% of incidences happening to patients under the age of 20.
The tumor can have an occurrence anywhere that there is bone. Approximate percentages by sites are as shown:
- Skull and mandible (4%)
- Spine (16%)
- Clavicle and ribs (5%)
- Upper extremity (21%)
- Pelvis and sacrum (12%)
- Femur (13%)
- Lower leg (24%)
- Foot (3%)
The afflicted may have relatively small amounts of pain that will quickly increase in severity over a time period of 6-12 weeks. The skin temperature around the bone may increase, a bony swelling may be evident, and movement may be restricted in adjacent joints.
Spinal
Lesions may cause
Quadriplegia and patients with skull lesions may have headaches.
Giant Cell Tumor Of Bone
