- 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sassanid Empire , in a campaign which will bring about his own death.
- 1046 - Naser Khosrow begins the seven-year Middle Eastern journey which he will later describe in his book '' Safarnama ''.
- 1496 - England King Henry VII issues letters patent to John Cabot and his sons, authorizing them to explore unknown lands.
- 1689 - Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl Of Nottingham is named Secretary Of State For The Northern Department .
- 1766 - Antonio De Ulloa , the first Spanish governor of Louisiana , arrives in New Orleans .
- , including a black man named Crispus Attucks , and a boy are killed by British troops in an event that would contribute to the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War five years later.
- 1784 - Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney is named President Of The Board Of Trade .
- 1793 - French troops are defeated by Austria n forces and Liège is recaptured.
- 1821 - James Monroe is inaugurated for a second term as President Of The United States .
- officially declare war on Burma .
- 1836 - Samuel Colt makes the first production-model Revolver (.34-caliber).
- 1842 - Over 500 Mexican troops led by Rafael Vasquez invade Texas , briefly occupy San Antonio and then head back to the Rio Grande .
- 1848 - Louis Antoine Garnier-Pages is named French Minister Of Finance .
- 1850 - The Britannia Bridge across the Menai Strait between the Isle Of Anglesey and the mainland of Wales is opened.
- 1860 - Parma , Tuscany , Modena and Romagna vote in Referendum s to join Kingdom Of Sardinia .
- 1861 - The " Stars And Bars " is adopted as the Flag Of The Confederate States Of America .
- 1868 - A court of Impeachment is organized in the United States Senate to hear charges against President Andrew Johnson .
- 1868 - '' Mefistofele '', an opera by Arrigo Boito premieres at La Scala .
- 1872 - George Westinghouse patents the Air Brake .
- 1877 - Rutherford B. Hayes is publicly inaugurated as the 19th President Of The United States (he was privately inaugurated on March 3 ).
- 1894 - Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl Of Rosebery becomes First Lord Of The Treasury .
- 1904 - Nikola Tesla , in '' Electrical World And Engineer '', describes the process of Ball Lightning formation.
- 1905 - Russia n troops begin to retreat from Mukden , Manchuria after losing 100,000 troops in three days.
- 1907 - The second Duma opens in St. Petersburg, Russia and 40,000 demonstrators have to be dispersed by Russia n troops.
- 1912 - Italian forces are the first to use Airship s for military purposes, using them for Reconnaissance behind Turkish lines.
- '', a Zeppelin , is damaged by enemy fire and stranded south of Ostend .
- 1916 - Spanish Football club Real Club Deportivo Mallorca is founded.
- 1917 - Woodrow Wilson is inaugurated for a second term as President Of The United States .
- 1918 - Bolshevist Russia moves the national Capital from Petrograd to Moscow .
- 1924 - Shefqet Verlaci becomes Prime Minister of Albania .
- 1931 - Daniel Salamanca Urey is named President of Bolivia .
- Franklin D. Roosevelt declares a " Bank Holiday ", closing all United States banks and freezing all financial transactions.
- 1933 - In Germany , the Nazis win 44 percent of the vote in Parliamentary elections.
- 1936 - First flight of the Supermarine Spitfire Fighter Aircraft .
- 1940 - Members of Soviet Politburo sign an order for the execution of 25,700 Polish Intelligentsia , including 14,700 Polish POW s, known also as the Katyn Massacre .
- 1943 - First flight of Gloster Meteor jet aircraft in the United Kingdom .
- " begins.
- 1946 - Winston Churchill uses the phrase " Iron Curtain " in his speech at Westminster College, Missouri .
- 1946 - Hungarian Communists and Social Democrats co-found the Left Bloc .
- 1949 - The Jharkhand Party is founded in India .
- 1955 - Elvis Presley appears on Television for the first time.
- 1958 - Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is established.
- 1958 - Explorer 2 spacecraft launches, fails to reach Earth orbit.
- 1960 - Aquatic Ape Hypothesis originates when Alister Hardy publicly announces his idea that ape-human divergence may have been due to a coastal phase.
- 1964 - Ceylon declares emergency crisis due to unrest.
- 1966 - A BOAC Boeing 707 jet crashes on Mount Fuji , Japan , killing 124.
- 1966 - In Luxembourg , Udo Jürgens wins the eleventh Eurovision Song Contest for Austria .
- 1966 - Bob Seagren vaults 5.19m, an indoor world record.
- 1968 - U.S. launches Solar Explorer B , aka Explorer 37 from Wallops Island to study the Sun .
- 1970 - The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty goes into effect after ratification by 43 nations.
- 1970 - Dubnium atoms are first detected conclusively.
- 1973 - Donald DeFreeze , future Symbionese Liberation Army leader, escapes from Vacaville Prison .
- i forces withdraw from the west bank of the Suez Canal .
- 1976 - British Pound falls below $2 U.S. for the first time.
- 1978 - Landsat 3 is launched from Vandenberg AFB in California .
- 1979 - Detection equipment picks up a Gamma Ray Burst originating from the Large Magellanic Cloud , leading to the discovery of Soft Gamma Repeater s.
- 1979 - Voyager 1 's closest approach to Jupiter , 172,000 miles.
- 1980 - Earth satellites record Gamma Rays from remnants of Supernova N-49 .
- 1982 - Venera 14 , a Soviet satellite arrives at the planet Venus .
- 1983 - Bob Hawke becomes Australian Prime Minister after defeating Malcolm Fraser in Australian elections.
- 1988 - Constitution of Turks And Caicos Islands is restored and revised.
- 1991 - Iraq releases all Gulf War prisoners.
- 1994 - A gunman takes 8 people hostage in the Salt Lake City Public Library Hostage Incident .
- 1998 - NASA announces that the Clementine probe orbiting the Moon has found enough water to support a human colony.
- 1999 - Paul Okalik is elected first Premier Of Nunavut .
- 2001 - In Mecca , 35 Muslim pilgrims are crushed to death during the annual Hajj Pilgrimage .
- 2001 - In Santee, California , a School Massacre occurs at Santana High School , leaving 2 dead and 15 wounded.
- 2003 - Natalie Maines of the Dixie Chicks provokes controversy in the U.S. by stating that the band was "ashamed the President Of The United States is from Texas ."
- 2003 - In Haifa , 17 Israeli civilians are killed by a Hamas suicide bomb in the Haifa Bus 37 Massacre .
- 2004 - The Ottawa Senators and Philadelphia Flyers of the NHL set a record for most penalty minutes in one game with 419.
- 2005 - The Burkinabé Party For Democracy And Socialism holds its 1st National Convention
- 2006 - Three 6 Mafia become the first African-American hip-hop group to win an Academy Award For Best Song and the first hip-hop artists to ever perform at the ceremony.
- 1133 - King Henry II Of England (d. 1189 )
- 1324 - King David II Of Scotland (d. 1371 )
- 1512 - Gerardus Mercator , Flemish cartographer (d. 1594 )
- 1563 - John Coke , English politician (d. 1644 )
- 1575 - William Oughtred , English mathematician (d. 1660 )
- 1585 - John George I, Elector Of Saxony (d. 1656 )
- 1658 - Antoine Laumet De La Mothe, Sieur De Cadillac , French explorer (d. 1730 )
- 1693 - Johann Jakob Wettstein , Swiss theologian (d. 1754 )
- 1696 - Giovanni Battista Tiepolo , Italian painter (d. 1770 )
- 1703 (N.S.) - Vasily Kirillovich Trediakovsky , Russian poet (d. 1768 )
- 1748 - Jonas C. Dryander , Swedish botanist (d. 1810 )
- 1748 - William Shield , English musician (d. 1829 )
- 1750 - Jean-Baptiste Gaspard D'Ansse De Villoison , French classical scholar (d. 1805 )
- 1794 - Jacques Babinet , French physicist (d. 1872 )
- 1794 - Robert Cooper Grier , Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1870 )
- 1814 - Wilhelm Von Giesebrecht , German historian (d. 1889 )
- 1815 - John Wentworth , American politician (d. 1888 )
- 1817 - Austen Henry Layard , English archaeologist (d. 1894 )
- 1836 - Charles Goodnight , American cattle rancher (d. 1929 )
- 1853 - Howard Pyle , American author and illustrator (d. 1911 )
- 1867 - Louis-Alexandre Taschereau , Premier of Quebec (d. 1952 )
- 1869 - Michael Von Faulhaber , German cardinal and archbishop (d. 1952 )
- 1870 - Frank Norris , American writer (d. 1902 )
- 1871 - Rosa Luxemburg , Socialist revolutionary (d. 1919 )
- 1873 - Olav Bjaaland , Norwegian explorer and cross-country skier (d. 1961 )
- 1874 - Henry Travers , British actor (d. 1965 )
- 1879 - Sir William Beveridge , British economist (d. 1963 )
- 1883 - Marius Barbeau , French Canadian ethnographer and folklorist (b. 1969 )
- 1886 - Dong Biwu , High-ranking member of the Communist Party of China (d. 1975 )
- 1887 - Heitor Villa-Lobos , Brazilian composer (d. 1959 )
- 1897 - Set Persson , Swedish communist politician (d. 1960 )
- 1898 - Zhou Enlai , Premier Of The People's Republic Of China (d. 1976 )
- 1898 - Soong May-ling , Chinese wife of Chiang Kai-Shek (d. 2003 )
- 1904 - Karl Rahner , German theologian (d. 1984 )
- 1908 - Irving Fiske , American writer, playwright, (d. 1990 )
- 1908 - Sir Rex Harrison , English actor (d. 1990 )
- 1910 - Józef Marcinkiewicz , Polish mathematician (d. 1940 )
- 1914 - Philip Farkas , American horn player and teacher (d. 1992 )
- 1915 - Laurent Schwartz , French mathematician (d. 2002 )
- 1918 - Milt Schmidt , Canadian ice hockey player, coach and manager
- 1918 - Red Storey , Canadian football player and ice hockey referee (d. 2006 )
- 1918 - James Tobin , American economist, Nobel Laureate (d. 2002 )
- 1920 - José Aboulker , Algerian anti-Nazi resistance fighter
- 1920 - Virginia Christine , American actress (d. 1996 )
- 1921 - Elmer Valo , American baseball player (d. 1998 )
- 1922 - James Noble , American actor
- 1922 - Pier Paolo Pasolini , Italian writer and film director (d. 1975 )
- 1923 - Laurence Tisch , American investor
- 1927 - Jack Cassidy , American actor (d. 1976 )
- 1930 - Del Crandall , American baseball player
- 1931 - Fred Othon Aristidès , French comics artist
- 1931 - Barry Tuckwell , Australian horn virtuoso
- 1934 - Daniel Kahneman , Israeli economist, Nobel Laureate
- 1934 - James B. Sikking , American actor
- 1936 - Canaan Banana , first President Of Zimbabwe (d. 2003 )
- 1936 - Dean Stockwell , American actor
- 1937 - Olusẹgun Ọbasanjọ , President Of Nigeria
- 1938 - Paul Evans , American singer and songwriter
- 1938 - Fred Williamson , American football player and actor
- 1939 - Samantha Eggar , English actress
- 1939 - Peter Woodcock , Canadian serial killer
- 1939 - Pierre Wynants , Belgian chef
- 1940 - Malcolm Hebden , English actor
- 1942 - Felipe González , Prime Minister Of Spain
- 1943 - Billy Backus , American boxer
- 1944 - Lucio Battisti , Italian singer (d. 1998 )
- 1944 - Roy Gutman , American journalist, Pulitzer Prize winner
- 1947 - Eddie Hodges , American actor and singer
- 1947 - Clodagh Rodgers , Irish singer
- 1947 - Kent Tekulve , American baseball player
- 1948 - Eddy Grant , Guyana-born singer
- 1948 - Elaine Paige , English singer and actress
- 1948 - Paquirri , Spanish bullfighter (d. 1984 )
- 1949 - Franz Josef Jung , Commander-in-chief of the German Bundeswehr
- 1952 - Alan Clark , English keyboardist ( Dire Straits )
- 1954 - Marsha Warfield , American actress, comedienne
- 1955 - Penn Jillette , American magician and comedian
- 1956 - Teena Marie , American singer
- 1957 - Mark E. Smith , English singer ( The Fall )
- 1958 - Andy Gibb , English-born Australian singer and teen idol (d. 1988 )
- 1959 - Vazgen Sargsyan , Armenian politician (d. 1999 )
- 1959 - David Fury , American television writer and producer
- 1962 - Jonathan Penner , American reality show contestant
- 1962 - Charlie And Craig Reid , Scottish musicians ( The Proclaimers )
- 1966 - Michael Irvin , American football player
- 1969 - MC Solaar , French rapper
- 1970 - John Frusciante , American musician ( Red Hot Chili Peppers )
- 1970 - Lisa Robin Kelly , American actress
- 1971 - Jeffrey Hammonds , American baseball player
- 1971 - Evil Jared Hasselhoff , American musician ( Bloodhound Gang )
- 1971 - Yuri Lowenthal , American actor/author
- 1972 - Luca Turilli , Italian musician ( Rhapsody )
- 1973 - Yannis Anastasiou , Greek footballer
- 1973 - Ryan Franklin , American baseball player
- 1974 - Kevin Connolly , American television actor and comedian
- 1974 - Jens Jeremies , German footballer
- 1974 - Matt Lucas , English comedian
- 1974 - Eva Mendes , American actress
- 1975 - Jolene Blalock , American actress
- 1975 - Sasho Petrovski , Australian soccer player
- 1975 - Niki Taylor , American model
- 1975 - Luciano Burti , Brazilian racing driver
- 1976 - Šarūnas Jasikevičius , Lithuanian basketball player
- 1976 - Paul Konerko , American baseball player
- 1977 - Bryan Berard , American ice hockey player
- 1977 - Mike MacDougal , American baseball player
- 1977 - Wally Szczerbiak , American basketball player
- 1981 - Paul Martin , American ice hockey player
- 1982 - Daniel Carter , New Zealand Rugby player
- 1985 - Ken'ichi Matsuyama , Japanese actor
- 1986 - Matty Fryatt , English footballer
- 1988 - Trevor Carson , Northern Irish footballer
- 1988 - Bjarni Viðarsson , Icelandic footballer
- 1989 - Jake Lloyd , American actor
- 1534 - Antonio Da Correggio , Italian painter (b. 1489 )
- 1539 - Nuno Da Cunha , Portuguese governor in India (b. 1487 )
- 1592 - Michael Coxcie , Flemish painter (b. 1499 )
- 1611 - Shimazu Yoshihisa , Japanese warlord and samurai (b. 1533 )
- 1622 - Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke Of Parma (b. 1569 )
- 1695 - Henry Wharton , English writer (b. 1664 )
- 1726 - Evelyn Pierrepont, 1st Duke Of Kingston-upon-Hull , English politician
- 1778 - Thomas Arne , English composer (b. 1710 )
- 1815 - Franz Mesmer , Austrian developer of hypnotism (b. 1734 )
- 1827 - Pierre-Simon Laplace , French mathematician (b. 1749 )
- 1827 - Alessandro Volta , Italian physicist (b. 1745 )
- 1829 - John Adams , last surviving HMS Bounty mutineer (b. 1766 )
- 1849 - David Scott , Scottish painter (b. 1806 )
- 1876 - Marie D'Agoult , German-born writer (b. 1805 )
- 1893 - Hippolyte Taine , French historian (b. 1828
- 1895 - Nikolai Leskov , Russian writer (b. 1831 )
- 1895 - Henry Rawlinson , British soldier and scholar (b. 1810 )
- 1903 - George Francis Robert Henderson , British soldier (b. 1854 )
- 1907 - Friedrich Blass , German classical scholar (b. 1843 )
- 1925 - Johan Jensen , Danish mathematician (b. 1859 )
- 1926 - Clément Ader , French aviation pioneer (b. 1841 )
- 1927 - Franz Mertens , German mathematician (b. 1840 )
- 1931 - Fr. Arthur Tooth SSC , Anglican Clergyman prosecuted and imprisoned for Ritualist activities (b. 1839 )
- 1940 - Cai Yuanpei , Chinese educator (b. 1868 )
- 1944 - Max Jacob , French poet and writer (b. 1876 )
- 1945 - Lena Baker , American murderer (b. 1901 )
- 1947 - Alfredo Casella , Italian composer (b. 1883 )
- 1953 - Sergei Prokofiev , Russian composer, (b. 1891 )
- 1953 - Joseph Stalin , Georgian leader of the Soviet Union (b. 1879 )
- 1953 - Herman J. Mankiewicz , American screenwriter (b. 1897 )
- 1955 - Antanas Merkys , President Of Lithuania (b. 1888 )
- 1963 - Patsy Cline , American singer (b. 1932 )
- 1963 - Cowboy Copas , American singer (b. 1913 )
- 1963 - Hawkshaw Hawkins , American singer (b. 1921 )
- 1965 - Chen Cheng , Chinese politician (b. 1897 )
- 1965 - Pepper Martin , American baseball player (b. 1904 )
- 1966 - Anna Akhmatova , Russian poet (b. 1889 )
- 1967 - Georges Vanier , Governor General Of Canada (b. 1888 )
- 1974 - Billy De Wolfe , American actor (b. 1907 )
- 1974 - Sol Hurok , Russian-born impresario (b. 1888 )
- 1977 - Tom Pryce , Welsh Formula One driver (b. 1949 )
- 1977 - Jansen Van Vuuren , Dutch volunteer safety marshall at the 1977 South African Grand Prix
- 1980 - Jay Silverheels , Canadian actor (b. 1912 )
- 1980 - Winifred Wagner , German opera producer (b. 1897 )
- 1981 - Yip Harburg , American lyricist (b. 1896 )
- 1982 - John Belushi , American actor (b. 1949 )
- 1984 - Tito Gobbi , Italian baritone (b. 1915 )
- 1984 - William Powell , American actor (b. 1892 )
- 1988 - Alberto Olmedo , Argentine comedian (b. 1933 )
- 1990 - Gary Merrill , American film actor (b. 1915 )
- 1993 - Cyril Collard , French author and filmmaker (b. 1957 )
- 1995 - Vivian Stanshall , English musician ( Bonzo Dog Band ) (b. 1943 )
- 1995 - Gregg Hansford , Australian motorcycle and touring car racer (b. 1952 )
- 1996 - Whit Bissell , American actor (b. 1909 )
- 1997 - Samm Sinclair Baker , American diet author (b. 1909 )
- 1999 - Richard Kiley , American actor (b. 1922 )
- 2000 - Lolo Ferrari , French actress (b. 1962 )
- 2004 - Walt Gorney , American actor (b. 1912 )
- 2006 - Richard Kuklinski , American Mafia hit man (b. 1935 )
|
