Year (''' MDCCCLXXIII ''') was a Common Year Starting On Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year Starting On Monday of the 12-day slower Julian Calendar ).
- July 1 - Prince Edward Island joins the Canadian Confederation .
- July 21 - At Adair, Iowa , Jesse James and the James-Younger Gang pull off the first successful Train Robbery in the American West (US$3,000 from the Rock Island Express).
- survey party in Montana , the Seventh Cavalry , under Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer , clash for the first time with the Sioux (near the Tongue River ; only one man on each side is killed).
- August 12 - A peace treaty is signed between Imperial Russia and the Khanate Of Khiva , making the khanate a Russian protectorate.
- September 16 - German troops leave France upon completion of payment of indemnity for Franco-Prussian War .
- September 17 - The Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College, later The Ohio State University , opens its doors with 25 students, including two women.
- September 18 - New York stock market crash, triggering the Panic Of 1873 (again part of the Long Depression).
- September 25 - Classes begin at Drury University .
- January 2 - Saint Therese Of Lisieux , Catholic Saint and Mystic (d. 1897 )
- January 7 - Adolph Zukor , Austrian-born film studio pioneer (d. 1976 )
- January 8 - Iuliu Maniu , Romanian politician (d. 1953 )
- January 10 - George Orton , Canadian athlete (d. 1958 )
- January 12 - Spiridon Louis , Greek runner (d. 1940 )
- January 20 - Johannes Vilhelm Jensen , Danish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1950 )
- January 28 - Colette , French writer (d. 1954 )
- January 30 - Vasily Balabanov , an administrator and Provincial Governor of Imperial Russia (d. 1947 )
- February 2 - Maurice Tourneur , French film director (d. 1961 )
- February 3 - Karl Jatho , German aviation pioneer (d. 1933 )
- February 4 - Étienne Desmarteau , Canadian athlete (d. 1905 )
- February 13 - Feodor Chaliapin , Russian bass (d. 1938 )
- February 15 - Hans Von Euler-Chelpin , German-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964 )
- February 25 - Enrico Caruso , Italian tenor (d. 1921 )
- March 3 - William Green , American labor leader (d. 1952 )
- March 11 - David Horsley , English-born film executive (d. 1933 )
- March 19 - Max Reger , German composer (d. 1916 )
- April 1 ( N.S. ); March 20 ( O.S. ) - Sergei Rachmaninoff , Russian composer and pianist (d. 1943 )
- April 7 - John McGraw , baseball player and manager (d. 1934 )
- April 10 - Kyösti Kallio , Prime Minister and President Of Finland (d. 1940 )
- April 19 - Sydney Barnes , English cricketer (d. 1967 )
- April 22 - Ellen Glasgow , American writer (d. 1945 )
- May 4 - Joe De Grasse , Canadian film director (d. 1940 )
- May 9 - Anton Cermak , Mayor of Chicago (d. 1933 )
- May 17
- --- Henri Barbusse , French novelist and journalist (d. 1935 )
- --- Dorothy Richardson , English feminist writer (d. 1957 )
- May 28 - D.D. Sheehan , Irish politician (d. 1948 )
- June 3 - Otto Loewi , German-born pharmacologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine (d. 1961 )
- June 26 - Alexis Carrel , French surgeon and biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine (d. 1944 )
- July 1 - Alice Guy-Blaché , French-American filmmaker (d. 1968 )
- July 20 - Alberto Santos-Dumont , Brazilian aviation pioneer (d. 1932 )
- August 17 - John A. Sampson , American gynecologist (d. 1946 )
- August 26 - Lee De Forest , American inventor (d. 1961 )
- September 5 - Cornelius Vanderbilt III , American military officer, inventor, engineer (d. 1942 )
- September 8 - David O. McKay , president of The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter-day Saints (d. 1970 )
- September 20
- --- Sidney Olcott , pioneer film director (d. 1949 )
- --- Ferenc Szisz , Hungarian-born race car driver (d. 1944 )
- September 21 - Papa Jack Laine , jazz musician (d. 1966 )
- September 26 - Wacław Berent , Polish novelist and translator (d. 1940 )
- October 2 - Stephen Warfield Gambrill , U.S. Congressman for Maryland's 5th District . (d. 1924 )
- October 3 - Emily Post , American etiquette expert (d. 1960 )
- October 9 - Charles Rudolph Walgreen , American businessman (d. 1939 )
- October 14 - Ray Ewry , American athlete (d. 1937 )
- October 19
- --- Jaap Eden , Dutch skater and cyclist (d. 1925 )
- --- John Barton King , American Cricket er (d. 1965 )
- October 26
- --- Thorvald Stauning , Prime Minister Of Denmark (d. 1942 )
- --- A. K. Fazlul Huq , Bengali statesman (d. 1962 )
- November 16 - W. C. Handy , American blues composer (d. 1958 )
- November 22 - Johnny Tyldesley , English cricketer (d. 1930 )
- December 7 - Willa Cather , American novelist (d. 1947 )
- December 11 - Josip Plemelj , Slovenian mathematician (d. 1967 )
- December 17 - Ford Madox Ford , English writer (d. 1939 )
- December 26 - Thomas Wass , Nottinghamshire Bowler (d. 1953 )
- December 30 - Al Smith , American politician (d. 1944 )
- ''date unknown''
- --- James Cousins , Irish writer (d. 1956 )
- --- Leon Frank Czolgosz , assassin of U.S. President William McKinley (d. 1901 )
- --- William Ernest Hocking , American philosopher (d. 1966 )
: ''See also .''
- January 9 - Napoleon III , last Emperor Of The French (b. 1808 )
- January 18 - Edward George Bulwer-Lytton , English writer (b. 1803 )
- January 23 - Jothi Ramalinga Swamigal , Hindu religious leader (b. 1823 )
- January 29 - The Venerable Father Basil Anthony Marie Moreau , Founder of the Congregation Of Holy Cross (b. 1799 )
- February 7 - Sheridan Le Fanu , Irish writer (b. 1814 )
- February 19 - Vasil Levski , Bulgarian revolutionary (b. 1837 )
- March 10 - John Torrey , American botanist (b. 1796 )
- April 11 - Edward Canby , U.S. general (b. 1817 )
- April 18 - Justus Von Liebig , German chemist (b. 1803 )
- April 27 - William Charles Macready , English actor (b. 1793 )
- May 4 - David Livingstone , Scottish explorer of Africa (b. 1813 )
- May 6 - José Antonio Páez , first President Of Venezuela (b. 1790 )
- May 7 - Salmon P. Chase , Chief Justice Of The United States (b. 1808 )
- May 8 - John Stuart Mill , British philosopher (b. 1806 )
- May 20 - George-Étienne Cartier , Canadian statesman (b. 1814 )
- May 29 - Edouard De Verneuil , palaeontologist (b. 1805 )
- June 1 - Joseph Howe , Canadian politician (b. 1804 )
: ''See also .''
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