1853

Year 1853 (''' MDCCCLIII ''') was a Common Year Starting On Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year Starting On Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian Calendar ).

EVENTS OF 1853

January - March

January 6 - American President-Elect Franklin Pierce , wife Jane , and son Ben are involved in a Train Wreck near Andover, Massachusetts . Franklin and Jane survive but eleven-year-old Ben is killed.

is ordered to assist the governor of Hunan in organising a militia force to search for local bandits.

January 19 - Giuseppe Verdi's opera '' Il Trovatore '' premieres in performance at Teatro Apollo in Rome .

January 21 - Russell L. Hawes patents the envelope folding machine

January 29 - Napoleon III marries the Spanish Countess Eugènie at the Tuileries

, Hankou and Wuchang for march of Nanjing .

February 12 - Puerto Montt is founded in the Reloncaví Sound , Chile.

February 22 - Washington University is founded as Eliot Seminary

March 4 - Inauguration of US president Franklin Pierce

March 20 - Taiping Rebellion : Rebel army of around 750,000 seizes Nanjing, killing 30,000 Imperial troops.

April - June

becomes the first representative of a Western government to come in contact with the rebels, aboard the " HMS Hermes ".

May 13 - Taiping Rebellion : Taiping Northern Expeditionary Force marches out of the Heavenly Capital.

May 20 - Taiping Rebellion : Taiping Western Expeditionary Force marches out of the Heavenly Capital.

May 23 - The first Plat for Seattle, Washington is laid out.

June 7 - Franklin College of Lancaster, Pennsylvania merges with Marshall College of Mercersburg, Pennsylvania to form Franklin And Marshall College in Lancaster

July - September

July 8 - U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry arrives in Edo Bay with a request for a trade treaty

July 25 Outlaw and bandit Joaquin Murietta is killed.

August 12 – New Zealand acquires self-government

August 23 - 1st true International Meteorological Organization Brussels, Belgium

August 24 - Potato Chips first prepared.

September 19 - Hudson Taylor first left for China .

October - December

was the last major naval battle involving sailing warships.]]

declares war on Russia .

into Vidin / Kalafat in Wallachia .

November 3 - Troops of William Walker capture La Paz in Baja California and declare (short-lived) Republic of Lower California

November 15 - Maria II Of Portugal is succeeded by her son Pedro

- The Russia n fleet destroys the Turkish fleet.

Minister de Bourboulon arrives at the Heavenly Capital aboard the Cassini.

buys land from Mexico to facilitate Railroad building in the Southwest

Undated

Royal Norwegian Navy Museum founded.

Yellow Fever kills 7790 in New Orleans

Alexander Wood invents the hypodermic Syringe

Argentina adopts federal constitution - Buenos Aires opposes that

Donald McKay builds the ''Great Republic'', the world's biggest Sailing Ship , which at 4,500 tons was too large to be successful

Isambard Kingdom Brunel began work on the '' Great Eastern '' passenger steamer

Start of Crimean War

Independent Santa Cruz Maya of Eastern Yucatan recognized as an independent nation by British Empire

Iesada succeeds Ieoshi as Japanese Shogun

Beginning of the Late Tokugawa Shogunate , the last part of the Edo Period in Japan .

Stephen Foster writes " My Old Kentucky Home ."

The University Of Florida establilshed

James Beckwourth discovers Beckwourth Pass.

Tissot , a Swiss watch company, founded.

Ongoing events

Taiping Rebellion ( 1851 - 1864 )

BIRTHS

January - June

January 28 - José Martí , Cuban revolutionary (d. 1895 )

February 6 - Ignacij Klemenčič , Slovenian physicist (d. 1901 )

March 14 - Ferdinand Hodler , Swiss painter (d. 1918 )

March 30 - Vincent Van Gogh , Dutch painter (d. 1890 )

May 28 - Carl Larsson , Swedish painter (d. 1919 )

June 3 - William Flinders Petrie , English Egyptologist (d. 1942 )

June 12 - Chester Adgate Congdon , Minnesota mining magnate (d. 1916 )

July - December

July 5 - Cecil Rhodes , English businessman (d. 1902 )

July 18 - Hendrik Lorentz , Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1928 )

September 2 - Wilhelm Ostwald , German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1932 )

September 16 - Albrecht Kossel , German physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine (d. 1927 )

September 20 - Chulalongkorn , Rama V, king of Thailand (d. 1910 )

September 21 - Heike Kamerlingh Onnes , Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1926 )

: ''See also .''

DEATHS

January - June

January 16 - Matteo Carcassi , Italian composer (b. 1792 )

March 17 - Christian Doppler , Austrian mathematician (b. 1803 )

April 18 - William R. King , Vice President Of The United States (b.1786)

April 28 - Ludwig Tieck , German writer (b. 1773 )

June 8 - Richard William Howard Vyse (b. 1784 )

July - December

July 27 - Tokugawa Ieyoshi , Japanese Shogun (b. 1793 )

August 19 - George Cockburn , British Naval commander (b. 1772 )

August 23 - Alexander Calder , first mayor of Beaumont, Texas (b. 1806 )

September 3 - Augustin Saint-Hilaire , French botanist and traveller (b. 1799 )

November 15 - Maria II Of Portugal (b. 1819 )

: ''See also .''

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