1831

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1831

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1831

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1831

Year 1831 (''' MDCCCXXXI ''') was a Common Year Starting On Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year Starting On Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian Calendar ).

EVENTS OF 1831

January - March

February - March - Revolts in Modena , Parma and the Papal States are put down by Austria n troops.

February 2 - Pope Gregory XVI succeeds Pope Pius VIII as the 254th Pope .

February 14 - Ras Marye Of Yejju marches into Tigray and defeats and kills the warlord Sabagadis in the Battle Of Debre Abbay .

February 20 - Battle Of Grochow . Polish rebel forces divide a Russia n army.

March 10 - French Foreign Legion founded.

March 29 - The Great Bosnian Uprising

April - June

April 7 - Pedro I Of Brazil abdicates as Emperor of Brazil in favor of his son Pedro II Of Brazil .

May 26 - Battle Of Ostroleka . The Poles fight another indecisive battle.

July - September

July 21 - Inauguration of Léopold I Of Belgium , first king of the Belgians .

August 2 - Dutch invasion of Belgium . It is repelled by a French army ( Ten-day Campaign ).

in Southampton County, Virginia .

September 6 - 8 - Battle Of Warsaw - The Russians take the Polish capital and crush resistance.

October - December

November 7 - Slave trading is forbidden in Brazil .

December 27 - Charles Darwin embarks on his historic journey aboard the HMS ''Beagle'' .

December 31 - Gramercy Park is deeded to New York City .

Undated

'' The Sydney Morning Herald '' newspaper is first published.

Cholera in Hamburg .

Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut is founded.

Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio is founded as "The Athenaeum"

BIRTHS

January - June

January 7 - Heinrich Von Stephan , German postal union organizer (d. 1897 )

February 24 - Leo Von Caprivi , Chancellor Of Germany (d. 1899 )

March 3 - George Pullman , American inventor and industrialist (d. 1897 )

March 12 - Clement Studebaker , American automobile pioneer (d. 1901 )

March 20 - Solomon L. Spink , U.S. Congressman from Illinois (d. 1881 )

June 1 - John Bell Hood , American Confederate general (d. 1879 )

June 13 - James Clerk Maxwell , Scottish physicist (d. 1879 )

June 28 - Joseph Joachim , Austrian violinist (d. 1907 )

July - December

July 22 - Emperor Kōmei of Japan (d. 1867 )

12 August - Helena Petrovna Blavatsky , Russian-born author and theosophist (d. 1891 )

September 18 - Siegfried Marcus , German-born automobile pioneer (d. 1898 )

October 6 - Richard Dedekind , German mathematician (d. 1916 )

October 18 - Emperor Frederick III Of Germany (d. 1888 )

October 31 - Romualdo Pacheco , Governor of California (d. 1899 )

: ''See also .''

DEATHS

January - June

January 21 - Achim Von Arnim , German poet (b. 1781 )

February 14 - Vincente Guerrero , Mexican revolutionary leader (b. 1782 )

February 14 - Marye Of Yejju , Ethiopian Ras

February 14 - Sabagadis , Ethiopia n warlord

February 17 - Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke Of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (b. 1785 )

February 25 - Friedrich Maximilian Klinger , German writer (b. 1752 )

April 5 - Dmitry Senyavin , Russian admiral (b. 1763 )

April 20 - John Abernethy (surgeon) (b. 1764 )

April 27 - Charles Felix Of Savoy , King of Sardinia (b. 1765 )

June 27 - Sophie Germain , French mathematician (b. 1776 )

July - December

July 4 - James Monroe , 5th President Of The United States (b. 1758 )

July 16 - Louis Alexandre Andrault De Langeron , Russian general (b. 1763 )

July 26 - Rodney S. Phillips , American writer (b. 1810 )

August 24 - August Von Gneisenau , Prussian field marshal (b. 1760 )

November 11 - Nat Turner , American slave rebel (b. 1800 )

November 14 - Georg Hegel , German philosopher (b. 1770 )

November 16 - Carl Von Clausewitz , German military strategist (b. 1780 )

: ''See also .''