Year (''' MDCCLXI ''') was a Common Year Starting On Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year Starting On Monday of the 11-day slower Julian Calendar ).
: 3rd Battle Of Panipat .]]
: Kolobrzeg .]]
- January 17 - James Hall , Scottish geologist (died 1832 )
- February 1 - Christian Hendrik Persoon , South African mycologist (died 1836 )
- February 16 - Charles Pichegru , French general (died 1804 )
- March 6 - Antoine-Francois Andreossy , French general (died 1828 )
- May 3 - August Von Kotzebue , German dramatist (died 1819 )
- October 27 - Matthew Baillie , Scottish physician and pathologist (died 1823 )
- November 4 - Bertrand Andrieu , French engraver of medals (died 1822 )
- November 13 - John Moore , British general (died 1809 )
- November 20 - Pope Pius VIII (died 1850 )
- December 1 - Marie Tussaud , French wax modeller (died 1850 )
- ''date unknown'' - Henry Shrapnel , British Army officer and inventor (died 1842 )
: ''See also .''
- January 4 - Stephen Hales , English physiologist, chemist, and inventor (born 1677 )
- January 10 - Edward Boscawen , British admiral (born 1711 )
- February 1 - Pierre François Xavier De Charlevoix , French historian (born 1682 )
- April 4 - Theodore Gardelle , Swiss painter and enameler (born 1722 )
- April 9 - William Law , English minister (born 1686 )
- April 15 - Archibald Campbell, 3rd Duke Of Argyll , Scottish politician (born 1682 )
- April 17 - Thomas Bayes , English mathematician (born c. 1702 )
- May 14 - Thomas Simpson , British mathematician (born 1710 )
- June 2 - Jonas Alströmer , Swedish industrialist (born 1685 )
- July 4 - Samuel Richardson , English writer (born 1689 )
- July 9 - Carl Gotthelf Gerlach , German organist (born 1704 )
- July 13 - Tokugawa Ieshige , Japanese shogun (born 1712 )
- August 3 - Johann Matthias Gesner , German classical scholar (born 1691 )
- September 8 - Bernard Forest De Bélidor , French engineer (born 1698 )
- November 30 - John Dollond , English optician (born 1706 )
- December 23 - Alestair Ruadh MacDonnell , Scottish Jacobite spy (born c. 1725 )
: ''See also .''
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