Year (''' MDCCXLIII ''') was a Common Year Starting On Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year Starting On Saturday of the 11-day slower Julian Calendar ).
- January 25 - Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi , German philosopher (died 1819 )
- February 13 - Sir Joseph Banks , British naturalist and botanist (died 1820 )
- February 19 - Luigi Boccherini , Italian composer (died 1805 )
- February 23 - Mayer Amschel Rothschild , German-born banker (died 1812 )
- March 4 - Johann David Wyss , Swiss author (died 1818 )
- March 14 - Hannah Cowley , English dramatist and poet (died 1809 )
- April 1 - Richard Butler (general) American soldier (died 1793 )
- April 13 - Thomas Jefferson , 3rd President Of The United States (died 1826 )
- May 17 - Seth Warner American revolutionary hero (died 1784 )
- June 3 - José Fernando De Abascal Y Sousa , Spanish viceroy of Peru (died 1821 )
- August 26 - Antoine Lavoisier , French chemist (died 1794 )
- September 11 - Nikolaj Abraham Abildgaard , Danish painter (died 1809 )
- September 17 - Marquis De Condorcet , French mathematician, philosopher, and political scientist (died 1794 )
- December 23 - Ippolit Bogdanovich , Russian poet (died 1803 )
- ''date unknown'' - Károly Hadaly , Hungarian mathematician (died 1834 )
: ''See also .''
- January 3 - Ferdinando Galli-Bibiena , Italian Architect / Painter (born 1657 )
- January 29 - Cardinal André-Hercule De Fleury, Bishop Of Fréjus , chief minister of France under Louis XV (born 1653 )
- January 29 - Charles-Irénée Castel De Saint-Pierre , French writer (born 1658 )
- February 18 - Anna Maria Luisa De' Medici , last of the Medicis (born 1667 )
- April 4 - Daniel Neal , English historian (born 1678 )
- July 2 - Spencer Compton, 1st Earl Of Wilmington , second Prime Minister Of The United Kingdom
- August 5 - John Hervey, Lord Hervey , English statesman and writer (born 1696 )
- September 14 - Nicolas Lancret , French painter (born 1690 )
- September 21 - Jai Singh II , King of Amber-Juiper, India (born 1688 )
- October 4 - John Campbell, 2nd Duke Of Argyll , Scottish soldier (born 1678 )
- December 27 - Hyacinthe Rigaud , French painter (born 1659 )
: ''See also .''
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