As a means of recording the passage of Time , the was that Century which lasted from 1501 through 1600 .
''See also:'' 16th Century In Literature
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- begins after Portuguese traders make contact with Japan .
- concerning the existence of souls in Amerindians
- .
- .
- is the first major English Joint Stock trading company.
- 1556 : Publication in Venice of Delle Navigiationi et Viaggi (terzo volume) by Giovanni Battista Ramusio, secretary of Council of Ten, with plan La Terra de Hochelaga, an illustration of Indian village Hochelaga. See {Link without Title}
- in China is history's deadliest known earthquake.
- , the "Father of Mineralogy ", publishes his '' De Re Metallica ''.
- .
- expands the Mughal Empire in a series of conquests.
- captured Delhi with Emperor Humayun .
- , radical theologian, is executed by boiling in oil as part of the Roman Inquisition .
- settle in Macau .
- is considered the height of the English Renaissance .
- between Poland, Grand Principality of Lithuania, Sweden, Denmark and Russia.
- loses Calais to France.
- , the Italian Wars conclude.
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- Henry VII Of England , founder of the Tudor Dynasty . Introduced ruthlessly efficient mechanisms of taxation which restored the kingdom after a state of virtual Bankruptcy due to the effects of the Wars Of The Roses ( 1457 - 1509 ).
- Leonardo Da Vinci famous artist and inventor and scientist ( 1452 – 1519 ).
- Pedro Álvares Cabral , first European to arrive in Brazil in 22 April , 1500 (c. 1467 - 1520 ).
- Zygmunt I The Old , King of Poland, established a conscription army and the bureaucracy needed to finance it ( 1467 - 1548 ).
- Vasco Da Gama , Portuguese navigator, first one to sail around the Cape Of Good Hope (c. 1469 - 1524 ).
- György Dózsa , leader of the peasants' revolt in Hungary ( 1470 - 1514 )
- Nicolaus Copernicus , developed the Heliocentric ( Sun -centered) Theory using Scientific methods ( 1473 - 1543 ).
- Michelangelo Buonarroti , Italian painter and sculptor ( 1475 - 1564 ).
- Thomas More , English politician and author ( 1478 - 1535 ).
- Ferdinand Magellan Portuguese navigator who sailed around the world ( 1480 - 1521 ).
- Martin Luther , German religious reformer ( 1483 - 1546 ).
- Hernán Cortés , Spanish Conquistador ( 1485 - 1547 ).
- King Henry VIII Of England , founder of Anglicanism ( 1491 - 1547 ).
- Ignatius Of Loyola , founder of the Society Of Jesus ( 1491 - 1556 ).
- François Rabelais , French author (c. 1493 - 1553 ).
- King Francis I Of France , considered the first Renaissance monarch of his Kingdom ( 1494 - 1547 ).
- Suleiman The Magnificent , Sultan of the Ottoman Empire . Conqueror and legal reformer ( 1494 - 1566 ).
- King Gustav I Of Sweden , restored Swedish sovereignty and introduced Protestantism in Sweden ( 1496 - 1560 ).
- Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and the first to reign as King Of Spain . Involved in almost constant conflict with France and the Ottoman Empire while promoting the Spanish Colonization Of The Americas ( 1500 - 1558 ).
- Cuauhtémoc , the last Tlatoani of the Aztec , led the native resistance against the Conquistador es ( 1502 - 1525 ).
- Michel Nostradamus , French astrologer and doctor, author of Les Propheties , a book of world prophecies ( 1503 - 1566 ).
- Qiu Ying , Chinese painter who belonged to the Wu School and used Gongbi brush style ( 1494 - 1552 )
- Mikolaj Rej , Polish writer ( 1505 - 1569 ).
- Ahmad Ibn Ibrihim Al-Ghazi , Somali Imam and general ( 1507 - 1543 ).
- John Calvin , theologian, and reformer. Founder of Calvinism ( 1509 - 1564 ).
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- Mary I Of England . Attempted to counter the Protestant Reformation in her domains. Nick-named Bloody Mary for her Religious Persecution ( 1516 - 1558 ).
- Luís De Camões , Portuguese poet (c. 1524 – 1580 ).
- Pierre De Ronsard , French poet. Called the 'Prince of poets' of his generation. ( 1524 – 1585 ).
- Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina , Italian Composer ( 1525 - 1594 )
- King Philip II Of Spain , self-proclaimed leader of Counter-Reformation ( 1527 - 1598 ).
- Ivan IV Of Russia , first Russian Tsar ( 1533 - 1584 ).
- William The Silent , William I of Orange-Nassau , main leader of the Dutch revolt against the Spanish ( 1533 - 1584 ).
- Wanli Emperor , Emperor Of China during the Ming Dynasty , aided Korea in the Imjin War , ( 1563 - 1620 )
- Michel De Montaigne , French essayist ( 1533 – 1592 ).
- Elizabeth I Of England , central figure of the Elizabethan Era ( 1533 - 1603 ).
- Oda Nobunaga , Daimyo of the Sengoku Period of Japan ese Civil War . First ruler of the Azuchi-Momoyama Period ( 1534 - 1582 ).
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi , Daimyo of the Sengoku Period of Japan ese Civil War . Second ruler of the Azuchi-Momoyama Period ( 1536 - 1598 ).
- Edward VI Of England , notable for further differentiating Anglicanism from the practices of the Roman Catholic Church ( 1537 - 1553 ).
- Lady Jane Grey , Queen Regnant of England and Ireland . Notably deposed by popular Revolt ( 1537 - 1554 ).
- Mary I Of Scotland , First female head of the House Of Stuart ( 1542 - 1587 ).
- Admiral Yi Sun-sin , Korean admiral, respected as one of the greatest Admirals in world history. ( 1545 - 1598 ).
- Miguel De Cervantes , Spanish author ( 1547 - 1616 ).
- Giordano Bruno , Italian philosopher and astronomer/astrologer ( 1548 - 1600 ).
- King Henry IV Of France and Navarre , ended the French Wars Of Religion and reunited the kingdom under his command ( 1553 - 1610 ).
- Michael The Brave , ruler of Walachia , national symbol of Romanians for uniting the three provinces under his rule in 1600 ( 1558 - 1601 )
- Lope De Vega , Spanish dramatist ( 1562 – 1635 ).
- Christopher Marlowe , English poet and dramatist ( 1564 – 1593 ).
- William Shakespeare , English author ( 1564 - 1616 ).
- John Donne , English Metaphysical Poet ( 1572 - 1631 )
- Miyamoto Musashi , famous warrior in Japan , author of The Book Of Five Rings , a treaty on Strategy and martial combat. ( 1584 - 1645 )
- Giovanni Battista Ramusio , diplomat and secretary of council of Ten of Venice Italy , author of Delle Navigationi Et Viaggi . Third volume (terzo volume) containing plan La Terra de Hochelaga showing village of Hochelaga ( 1585 - 1657 ). See {Link without Title}
- John Ford , English dramatist ( 1586 - c. 1640 ).
- Matteo Ricci , Italian Jesuit who traveled to Macau , China in 1582, and died in Beijing , ( 1552 - 1610 )
- Andrea Amati , (ca. 1520 – ca. 1578) was the earliest maker of violins whose instruments still survive today.
: ''Related article: List Of 16th Century Inventions .''
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