Year (''' MDCXLIV ''') was a Leap Year Starting On Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Year Starting On Monday of the 10-day slower Julian Calendar ).
- January 26 - At English Civil War Battle Of Nantwich the Parliamentarians defeated the Royalists , allowing them to end the six week Siege Of Nantwich in Cheshire , England .
- February to August - Explorer Abel Tasman 's second expedition for the Dutch East India Company maps the north coast of Australia .
- March 24 - In England , Roger Williams is granted an official charter for his Rhode Island Colony , allowing the establishment of a general assembly.
- April 25 - A popular Chinese rebellion led by Li Zicheng sacks Beijing , prompting Chongzhen , the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty , to commit suicide.
- June 3 - Li Zicheng claimed himself as the emperor of China.
- June 6 - The invading Manchu army, with the help of Ming general Wu Sangui , captures Beijing , China. This marks the beginning of the Qing Dynasty (also known as the Manchu Dynasty), the last Imperial Dynasty Of China .
: Battle Of Marston Moor .]]
- January 10 - Louis François, Duc De Boufflers , French marshal (d. 1711 )
- January 18 - John Partridge , English astrologer (d. 1708 )
- April 7 - François De Neufville, Duc De Villeroi , French soldier (d. 1730 )
- June 16 - Henrietta Anne Stuart , Princess of Scotland, England and Ireland (d. 1670 )
- August 6 - Louise De La Vallière , French mistress of Louis XIV Of France (d. 1710 )
- August 12 - Heinrich Ignaz Biber , Bohemian composer and violinist (d. 1704 )
- September 25 - Ole Rømer , Danish astronomer (d. 1710 )
- October 1 - Alessandro Stradella , Italian composer (d. 1682 )
- October 2 - François-Timoléon De Choisy , French writer (d. 1724 )
- October 14 - William Penn , English Quaker and founder of Pennsylvania (d. 1718 )
- ''date unknown''
- --- Antonio Stradivari , Italian violin maker (d. 1737 )
- --- Matsuo Bashō , Japanese poet (d. 1694 )
: ''See also .''
- March 15 - Louise Juliana Of Nassau , Regent of Bohemia (born 1576 )
- April 10 - Reverend William Brewster , Pilgrim leader (born 1567 )
- April 25 - Chongzhen , last Ming Emperor of China (suicide) (born 1611 )
- July 29 - Pope Urban VIII (born 1568 )
- September 7 - Guido Bentivoglio , Italian statesman and historian (born 1579 )
- September 8 - John Coke , English politician (born 1563 )
- September 8 - Francis Quarles , English poet (born 1592 )
- October 6 - Elisabeth Of Bourbon , queen of Philip IV Of Spain (born 1602 )
- November 6 - Thomas Roe , English diplomat (born c. 1581 )
- November 10 - Luís Vélez De Guevara , Spanish writer (born 1579 )
- December 30 - Jan Baptist Van Helmont , Flemish chemist (born 1577 )
: ''See also .''
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