Year (''' MDCXXIII ''') was a Common Year Starting On Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year Starting On Wednesday of the 10-day slower Julian Calendar ).
- January 9 - Meishō , empress of Japan (d. 1696 )
- April 27 - Johann Adam Reinken , German organist (d. 1722 )
- April 30 - François De Laval , first bishop of New France (d. 1708 )
- May 27 - Sir William Petty , English scientist and philosopher (d. 1687 )
- May 30 - John Egerton, 2nd Earl Of Bridgewater , English politician (d. 1686 )
- June 15 - Cornelis De Witt , Dutch politician (d. 1672 )
- June 19 - Blaise Pascal , French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher (d. 1662 )
- August 5 - (baptism) Antonio Cesti , Italian composer (d. 1669 )
- August 23 - Stanisław Lubieniecki , Polish astronomer (d. 1675 )
- October 17 - Francis Turretin , Swiss theologian (d. 1687 )
- ''date unknown''
- --- Margaret Cavendish , Duchess of Newcastle (d. 1673 )
- --- Francis Talbot, 11th Earl Of Shrewsbury (d. 1667 )
: ''See also .''
- January 15 - Paolo Sarpi , theologian (b. 1552 )
- February 8 - Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl Of Exeter , English politician (b. 1546 )
- February - Malcolm Macfie, Chief of the Scottish Clan MacFie
- March 19 - Uesugi Kagekatsu , Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1556 )
- March 25 - Henri De La Tour D'Auvergne, Vicomte De Turenne, Duc De Bouillon (b. 1555 )
- June 16 - Christian, Duke Of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel , German Protestant military leader (b. 1599 )
- July 4 - William Byrd , English composer (born 1543 )
- July 8 - Pope Gregory XV (b. 1554 )
- October 21 - William Wade , English statesman and diplomat (b. 1546 )
- November 9 - William Camden , English historian (b. 1551 )
- November 11 - Philippe De Mornay , French writer (b. 1549 )
- November 12 - Josaphat Kuncevyc , Lithuanian archbishop (born c 1582 )
- ''date unknown''
- --- Andrea Andreani , Italian engraver (b. 1540 )
: ''See also .''
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