Year was a Leap Year Starting On Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Year Starting On Monday of the 10-day slower Julian Calendar ).
- July - King Henry III of France capitulates to the Duke of Guise and returns to Paris.
- July 31 - First engagement between the English and Spanish fleets off Plymouth . The English have the better of it.
- August 2 - The English and Spanish fleets meet again off Dorset. (The English fleet is led by Lord Howard Of Effingham and Sir Francis Drake .) The English again have the better of it.
: Battle Of Gravelines .]]
- is defeated by an English naval force under command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake off the coast of Gravelines , now in France .
- August 7 - The English and Spanish fleets again engage off the coast of Flanders. The English again are more successful.
- August 8 - August 9 - The Spanish are unable to reach the coast of Flanders to meet up with the army of the Duke Of Parma . Medina Sidonia decides to return to Spain.
- August 12 - The Spanish fleet sails past the Firth of Forth, and the English cease their pursuit. Much of the Spanish fleet is destroyed as it sails around Scotland and Ireland.
- December 23 - Henry III of France strikes his ultra-Catholic enemies, having the Duke of Guise and his brother, Cardinal Louis Of Guise , killed, and holding the Cardinal De Bourbon a prisoner.
- March - Johann Heinrich Alsted , German theologian (died 1638 )
- April 5 - Thomas Hobbes , English philosopher (died 1679 )
- April 15 - Claudius Salmasius , French classical scholar (died 1653 )
- May 2 - Étienne Pascal , French mathematician (died 1651 )
- May 13 - Ole Worm , Danish physician and antiquary (died 1654 )
- May 28 - Pierre Séguier , Chancellor of France (died 1672 )
- June 9 - Johann Andreas Herbst , German composer and music theorist (died 1666 )
- June 11 - George Wither , English poet and satirist (died 1667 )
- June 18 - Robert Crowley , English printer and poet
- September 8 - Marin Mersenne , French theologian (died 1648 )
- September 10 - Nicholas Lanier , English composer (died 1666 )
- December 10
- --- Isaac Beeckman , Dutch philosopher and scientist (died 1637 )
- --- Johann Graf Von Aldringen , (died 1634 )
- ''date unknown''
- --- John Danvers , English politician (died 1655 )
- --- Robert Filmer , English political writer (died 1653 )
- --- Accepted Frewen , English churchman (died 1664 )
- --- Francis Higginson , colonial American Puritan (died 1630 )
- --- Jan Janssonius , Dutch cartographer (died 1664 )
- --- François De La Mothe-Le-Vayer , French writer (died 1672 )
- --- Catherine De Vivonne, Marquise De Rambouillet (died 1665 )
- --- Luke Wadding , Irish Franciscan friar and historian (died 1657 )
: ''See also .''
- January 5 - Qi Jiguang , Chinese general (born 1528 )
- February 24 - Johann Weyer , Dutch physician and occultist (born 1515 )
- March 5 - Henri I De Bourbon, Prince De Condé (born 1552 )
- March 10 - Theodor Zwinger , Swiss scholar (born 1533 )
- April 4 - King Frederick II Of Denmark (born 1534 )
- April 19 - Paolo Veronese , Italian painter (born c 1528 )
- June 18 - Robert Crowley , London stationer (born 1517 )
- July 17 - Sinan , Ottoman architect (b. 1489 )
- August 8 - Alonso Sánchez Coello , Spanish painter (born c 1531 )
- August 12 - Alfonso Ferrabosco , Italian composer (born 1543 )
- August 30 - Margaret Ward , English Saint (birthdate unknown)
- September 3 - Richard Tarlton , English actor (born 1530 )
- September 4 - Robert Dudley, 1st Earl Of Leicester , English politician (born 1532 )
- October 1 - Ven. Edward James , English Catholic Martyr , executed at Chichester
- November 1 - Jean Daurat , French poet and scholar (born 1508 )
- December 23 - Henry I, Duke Of Guise , French Catholic leader (born 1550 )
- ''date unknown''
- --- Giorgio Biandrata , Italian physician (born 1515 )
- --- John Field , British Puritan clergyman and controversialist (born 1545 )
- --- Sonam Gyatso, 3rd Dalai Lama , first Dalai Lama (born 1543 )
- --- Amias Paulet , Governor of Jersey (born 1532 )
- --- Edwin Sandys , English prelate (born 1519 )
- --- Bernardino Telesio , Italian philosopher and natural scientist (born 1509 )
: ''See also .''
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