'': Year '''1582''' involved conversion to the , Poland , Portugal , and Spain . Other countries continued using the Julian calendar, switching calendars in later years.
- January 15 - Russia cedes Livonia and Southern- Estonia to Poland .
- February 10 - François, Duke Of Anjou , arrives in the Netherlands, where he is personally welcomed by William The Silent .
- February 24 - Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calendar .
- April 16 - Spanish conquistador Hernando De Lerma founds the settlement of Salta , Argentina .
- June 21 - Incident At Honnōji in Kyoto , Japan .
- October 4 of Julian Calendar (Thursday) - Italy , Poland , Portugal , and Spain make the next day Friday, October 15 of the Gregorian Calendar , skipping over 10 days. Other countries follow at various later dates.
- November 28 - In Stratford-upon-Avon , 18 year-old William Shakespeare and 26 year-old Anne Hathaway pay a 40-pound bond for their Marriage License ( Shakespeare would later become one of the greatest playwrights in history).
- December 9 of Julian Calendar (Sunday) - France makes the next day Monday, December 20 of the Gregorian Calendar .
- January 28 - John Barclay , Scottish satirist and Latin poet (died 1621 )
- May 1 - Marco Da Gagliano , Italian composer (died 1643 )
- May 28 - William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye And Sele , English statesman (died 1662 )
- August 28 - Taichang Emperor , of the Ming dynasty of China (died 1620 )
- October 17 - Johann Gerhard , Lutheran church leader (died 1637 )
- October 19 - Dmitri Ivanovich , Russian Tsarevich (d. 1591 )
- November 27 - Pierre Dupuy , French scholar (died 1651 )
- December 23 - Severo Bonini , Italian composer (died 1663 )
- ''date unknown''
- --- Giovanni Francesco Abela , Maltese writer (died 1655 )
- --- Giulio Alenio , Italian Jesuit missionary (died 1649 )
- --- Gregorio Allegri , Italian composer (died 1652 )
- --- John Bainbridge , English astronomer (died 1648 )
- --- Richard Corbet , English poet (died 1635 )
- --- William Feilding, 1st Earl Of Denbigh (died 1643 )
- --- Phineas Fletcher , English poet (died 1650 )
- --- Kobayakawa Hideaki , Japanese samurai and warlord (died 1602 )
- --- William Juxon , Archbishop Of Canterbury (died 1663 )
- --- William Lithgow , Scottish traveller (died 1645 )
- --- François Maynard , French poet (died 1646 )
- --- Thomas Moulson , Lord Mayor of London (died 1638 )
- --- David Teniers The Elder , Flemish painter (died 1649 )
- --- Francis Windebank , English politician (died 1646 )
- --- Jakub Zadzik , Polish nobleman and diplomat (died 1642 )
- ''probable''
- --- Giovanni Giacomo Gastoldi , Italian Baroque composer (died 1609 )
- --- Sigismondo D'India , Italian composer (died 1629 )
: ''See also .''
- January 26 - Thomas Platter , Swiss humanist scholar (born 1499 )
- March 18 - Juan Jauregui , attempted assassin of William I Of Orange (born 1562 )
- April 3 - Takeda Katsuyori , Daimyo of Takeda Clan (born 1546 )
- May 5 - Charlotte Of Bourbon , third wife of William I Of Orange (born 1547/1548)
- June 21 - Oda Nobunaga , Daimyo of Oda Clan(born 1534 )
- June 21 - Anayama Nobukimi , Japanese military commander (born 1541 )
- June 23 - Shimizu Muneharu , Japanese military commander (born 1537 )
- July 2 - Akechi Mitsuhide , Japanese samurai and warlord (born 1528 )
- September 28 - George Buchanan , Scottish humanist scholar (born 1506 )
- October 4 - Saint Teresa Of Avila , Spanish Carmelite nun and poet (born 1515 )
- December 11 – Fernando Álvarez De Toledo, 3rd Duke Of Alba , Spanish general (born 1507 )
- ''date unknown''
- --- Wu Cheng'en , Chinese novelist and poet of the Ming Dynasty
- --- James Crichton , Scottish scholar (born 1560 )
- --- Giocangga , chieftain of the Jurchens
- --- Jacques Peletier Du Mans , French mathematician (born 1517 )
- --- Hans Hendrik Van Paesschen , Flemish architect (born 1510 )
: ''See also .''
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