Year was a Common Year Starting On Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian Calendar .
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- January 31 - Henry I, Duke Of Guise , French Catholic general (died 1588 )
- April 12 - Edward De Vere, 17th Earl Of Oxford , Lord Great Chamberlain of England (died 1604 )
- May 25 - Camillus De Lellis , Italian soldier and nurse (died 1614 )
- June - Pomponio Nenna , Italian composer (died 1613 )
- June 27 - King Charles IX Of France (died 1574 )
- July 3 - Jacobus Gallus , Slovenian composer (died 1591 )
- September 10 - Alonso De Guzman El Bueno, 7th Duke Of Medina Sidonia , commander of the Spanish Armada (died 1615 )
- September 17 - Pope Paul V (died 1621 )
- November 6 - Karin Månsdotter , queen of Eric XIV Of Sweden (died 1612 )
- December 6 - Orazio Vecchi , Italian composer (died 1605 )
- December 22 - Cesare Cremonini , Italian philosopher (died 1631 )
- ''date unknown''
- --- Jacob Ben Isaac Ashkenazi , author (died 1625 )
- --- Sarsa Dengel , Emperor Of Ethiopia (died 1597 )
- --- John Napier , Scottish mathematician (died 1617 )
- --- Ralph Sherwin , English Roman Catholic martyr and saint (died 1581 )
- --- Anselmus De Boodt , Belgian mineralogist and physician (d. 1632 )
- ''probable''
- --- Robert Balfour , Scottish philosopher (died 1625 )
- --- Henry Barrowe , English Puritan and Separatist (died 1593 )
- --- Emilio De' Cavalieri , Italian composer (died 1602 )
- --- Cornelis Corneliszoon , Dutch inventor of the Sawmill (died ca. 1600)
- --- Philip Henslowe , English theatrical entrepreneur (died 1616 )
: ''See also .''
- March 8 - John Of God , Spanish friar and saint (born 1495 )
- April 12 - Claude, Duke Of Guise , French soldier (born 1496 )
- May 18 - John, Cardinal Of Lorraine , French churchman (born 1498 )
- May 20 - Ashikaga Yoshiharu , Japanese shogun (born 1511 )
- July 30 - Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl Of Southampton , English politician (born 1505 )
- October 23 - Tiedemann Giese , Polish Catholic bishop (born 1480 )
- November 6 - Ulrich, Duke Of Württemberg (born 1487 )
- ''date unknown''
- --- Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah , second ruler of Golconda
- --- Tabinshwehti , King of Burma (born 1512 )
- --- Jón Arason , the last Catholic bishop of Iceland , beheaded
: ''See also .''
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