- 879 - Louis III becomes King of the Western Franks .
- 1500 - Ludovico Sforza is captured by the Swiss troops at Novara and handed over to the French.
- 1606 - The Charter Of The Virginia Company Of London was established by royal charter by James I Of England with the purpose of establishing Colonial Settlements In North America .
- 1710 - The first law regulating Copyright is issued in Great Britain .
- defeats Austria in the Battle Of Mollwitz .
- 1790 - United States Patent system established
- 1815 - Mount Tambora eruption covers several islands with ash in Indonesia .
- 1816 - The U.S. Government approved the creation of a Second Bank Of The United States .
- 1821 - Patriarch Gregory V Of Constantinople is hanged by the Turks from the main gate of the Patriarchate and his body is thrown into the Bosphorus .
- 1826 - The 10,500 inhabitants of the Greek town Messolonghi start leaving the town after a year's siege by Turkish forces. Very few of them survive.
- 1856 - Theta Chi Fraternity Founded at Norwich University
- 1857 - The Sepoy Mutiny popularly known as the "Revolt of 1857" broke out in Meerut , India as part of the Indian Independence Movement .
- 1864 - Archduke Maximilian Of Habsburg is elected emperor of Mexico .
- forces, Confederate General Robert E. Lee addresses his troops for the last time.
- 1865 - The last photograph of Abraham Lincoln alive was taken.
- 1866 - The American Society For The Prevention Of Cruelty To Animals ( ASPCA ) is founded in New York City by Henry Bergh .
- 1868 - At Arogee in Abyssinia, British and Indian forces defeat an army of Emperor Theodore . While 700 Ethiopians are killed and many more injured, only two die from the British/ Indian troops.
- 1869 - José Martí founds the Cuban Revolutionary Party .
- 1896 - Spiridon Louis wins the marathon of the first Olympic Games .
- 1906 - ''The Four Million'', O. Henry 's second Short Story collection, is published.
- 1912 - The RMS ''Titanic'' leaves port in Southampton , England for her first and only voyage.
- 1916 - The Professional Golfers Association Of America (PGA) is created in New York City .
- 1919 - Mexican Revolution leader Emiliano Zapata is ambushed and shot dead by Government forces in Morelos .
- 1924 - The first train robbery is reported in Greece outside the city of Larissa .
- 1925 - The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald is first published in New York, New York by Charles Scribner's Sons .
- is created.
- 1938 - Édouard Daladier becomes Prime Minister of France .
- in Europe establish the Independent State Of Croatia from occupied Yugoslavia with Ante Pavelić's Ustase fascist Insurgent s in power.
- 1944 - Rudolf Vrba and Alfred Wetzler escape from Birkenau death camp.
- 1944 - Henry Ford II is named executive vice president of Ford Motor Company .
- 1953 - The first 3D film is released in New York .
- 1957 - The Suez Canal is reopened for all shipping after being closed for three months.
- 1959 - Akihito , future Emperor Of Japan , weds Michiko .
- 1963 - The Submarine USS ''Thresher'' is lost at sea, with all hands (129 officers, crewmen and civilian technicians).
- 1964 - The Polo Grounds are demolished.
- 1968 - Shipwreck of the Wahine outside Wellington harbour.
- 1970 - Paul McCartney announces that he's leaving The Beatles .
- 1970 - polled in a Gallup Poll approve of U.S. President Richard M. Nixon 's Vietnam policy, while 41 percent disapprove
- , the People's Republic Of China hosts the U.S. Table Tennis team for a weeklong visit.
- 1972 - 20 days after he was kidnapped in Buenos Aires , Oberdan Sallustro is executed by Communist guerrillas.
- 1972 - 1967 American B-52 Bombers reportedly begin bombing North Vietnam .
- 1973 - A British Vanguard Turboprop crashes during a snowstorm at Basel, Switzerland killing 104.
- 1978 - Volkswagen becomes only the second non-American automobile manufacturer to build cars in the United States (after Rolls-Royce ), opening a plant in Westmoreland County , Pennsylvania .
- 1979 - On " Terrible Tuesday ", a tornado lands in Wichita Falls, Texas killing 42 people. (see Red River Valley Tornado Outbreak ).
- 1991 - Italian ferry '' Moby Prince '' collides with an oil tanker in dense fog off Livorno , Italy killing 140.
- 1991 - A Rare Tropical Storm develops in the Southern Hemisphere near Angola ; the first to be documented by Satellites .
- 1998 - The Belfast Agreement is signed.
- 2006 - Hundreds of thousands Protest H.R. 4437 (''aka'' the "Sensenbrenner Bill") in cities across the United States.
- 1389 - Cosimo De' Medici , ruler of Florence (d. 1464 )
- 1583 - Hugo Grotius , Dutch philosopher and writer (d. 1645 )
- 1651 - Ehrenfried Walther Von Tschirnhaus , German mathematician (d. 1708 )
- 1656 - René Lepage De Ste-Claire , lord-founder of the town of Rimouski , in New France (d. 1718 )
- 1704 - Benjamin Heath , English classical scholar (d. 1766 )
- 1713 - John Whitehurst , English clockmaker and scientist (d. 1788 )
- 1755 - Samuel Hahnemann , German physician (d. 1843 )
- 1762 - Giovanni Aldini , Italian physicist (d. 1834 )
- 1778 - William Hazlitt , English writer (d. 1830 )
- 1783 - Hortense De Beauharnais , French-born queen of Holland and wife of Louis Bonaparte (d. 1837 )
- 1794 - Matthew Perry , American commodore (d. 1858 )
- 1829 - William Booth , English founder of the Salvation Army (d. 1912 )
- 1847 - Joseph Pulitzer , American journalist and publisher (d. 1911 )
- 1864 - Eugen D'Albert , German composer (d. 1932 )
- 1867 - George William Russell , Irish nationalist (d. 1935 )
- 1868 - George Arliss , English actor (d. 1946 )
- 1880 - Montague Summers , English writer (d. 1948 )
- 1880 - Mohammed Nadir Shah , Afghan king (d. 1933 )
- 1882 - Frances Perkins , American politician (d. 1965 )
- 1887 - Bernardo Houssay , Argentine physiologist, Nobel Laureate (d. 1971 )
- 1894 - Shri Ghanshyam Das Birla , Indian industrialist (d. 1983 )
- 1910 - Paul Sweezy , American economist and editor (d. 2004 )
- 1911 - Martin Denny , American musician (d. 2005 )
- 1913 - Stefan Heym , German author (d. 2001 )
- 1915 - Harry Morgan , American actor
- 1917 - Robert Burns Woodward , American chemist, Nobel Laureate (d. 1979 )
- 1921 - Chuck Connors , American actor (d. 1992 )
- 1921 - Sheb Wooley , American actor and singer (d. 2003 )
- 1923 - Roger Gaillard (d. 2000 ), Haitian historian and novelist
- 1926 - Junior Samples , American musician (d. 1983 )
- 1927 - Marshall Warren Nirenberg , American scientist, Nobel Laureate
- 1929 - Max Von Sydow , Swedish actor
- 1930 - Claude Bolling , French jazz composer/pianist
- 1930 - Norma Candal , Puerto Rican actress/comedian (d. 2006 )
- 1930 - Spede Pasanen , Finnish comedian (d. 2001 )
- 1932 - Omar Sharif , Egyptian actor
- 1934 - David Halberstam , American journalist, historian and author (d. 2007 )
- 1934 - Vladimir Posner , Russian journalist
- 1936 - John Madden , American football coach and broadcaster
- 1937 - Bella Akhmadulina , Russian poet
- 1938 - Don Meredith , American football player and broadcaster
- 1941 - Paul Theroux , American author
- 1942 - Ian Callaghan , English footballer
- 1943 - Andrzej Badeński , Polish athlete
- 1946 - David Angell , American television producer (d. 2001 )
- 1947 - Bunny Wailer , Jamaican musician
- 1950 - Ken Griffey, Sr. , American baseball player
- 1950 - Eddie Hazel , American guitarist ( P-Funk and The Temptations ) (d. 1992 )
- 1951 - David Helvarg , American journalist and environmental activist
- 1951 - Steven Seagal , American actor
- 1954 - Peter MacNicol , American actor
- 1955 - Lesley Garrett , British soprano
- 1957 - John M. Ford , American science fiction author and poet (d. 2006 )
- 1957 - Steve Gustafson , American rock bassist ( 10,000 Maniacs )
- 1958 - Bob Bell , British engineer
- 1958 - Yefim Bronfman , Russian-born pianist
- 1958 - Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds , American music producer, musician, and film producer
- 1959 - Yvan Loubier , Quebec politician
- 1959 - Brian Setzer , American musician ( Stray Cats )
- 1960 - Steve Bisciotti , American owner of the Baltimore Ravens
- 1960 - Katrina Leskanich , American singer ( Katrina And The Waves )
- 1961 - Joe Cole (roadie) , roadie for American band Black Flag, Henry Rollins' best friend (d. 1991 )
- 1962 - Steve Tasker , American football player
- 1963 - Warren DeMartini , American rock guitarist ( Ratt )
- 1963 - Doris Leuthard , member of the Swiss Federal Council
- 1965 - Tim Alexander , American musician
- 1967 - Donald Dufresne , Canadian ice hockey player
- 1968 - Orlando Jones , American actor and comedian
- 1969 - Billy Jayne , American actor
- 1969 - Ekaterini Koffa , Greek sprinter
- 1970 - Matt Barlow , American former heavy metal singer ( Iced Earth ), now law enforcer
- 1970 - Enrico Ciccone , Canadian ice hockey player
- 1970 - Leonard Dorin , Canadian boxer
- 1970 - Kenny Lattimore , American singer
- 1970 - Mike Mushok , American rock guitarist ( Staind )
- 1971 - Al Reyes , Dominican baseball player
- 1973 - Guillaume Canet , French actor and film director
- 1973 - Roberto Carlos , Brazilian footballer
- 1973 - Christopher Simmons , American designer
- 1973 - Aidan Moffat , Scottish musician
- 1974 - Petros Passalis , Greek footballer
- 1975 - Chris Carrabba , American singer ( Dashboard Confessional )
- 1976 - Sara Renner , Canadian cross country skier
- 1979 - Shemekia Copeland , American singer
- 1979 - Rachel Corrie , American activist (d. 2003 )
- 1979 - Tsuyoshi Domoto , Japanese artist
- 1979 - Sophie Ellis-Bextor , English singer
- 1979 - Peter Kopteff , Finnish footballer
- 1980 - Sean Avery , Canadian ice hockey player
- 1980 - Charlie Hunnam , British actor
- 1980 - Kasey Kahne , American race-car driver
- 1980 - Bryce Soderberg , American rock bassist ( Lifehouse )
- 1981 - Liz McClarnon , British singer
- 1981 - Michael Pitt , American actor
- 1981 - Alexei Semenov , Russian ice hockey player
- 1982 - Damián Lanza , Ecuadorian footballer
- 1982 - Chyler Leigh , American actress
- 1983 - Ryan Merriman , American actor
- 1984 - Mandy Moore , American singer/actress
- 1985 - Dion Phaneuf , Canadian ice hockey player
- 1986 - Vincent Kompany , Belgian footballer
- 1987 - Hayley Westenra , New Zealand soprano
- 1988 - Haley Joel Osment , American actor
- 1990 - Alex Pettyfer , English actor
- 1991 - Amanda Michalka , American actress/singer
- 2007 - Princess Ariane Of The Netherlands
- 948 - King Hugh Of Italy
- 879 - Louis The Stammerer , King of the West Franks (b. 846 )
- 1533 - King Frederick I Of Denmark (b. 1471 )
- 1545 - Costanzo Festa , Italian composer
- 1585 - Pope Gregory XIII (b. 1502 )
- 1599 - Gabrielle D'Estrée , mistress of King Henry IV Of France (b. 1571 )
- 1601 - Mark Alexander Boyd , Scottish poet (b. 1562 )
- 1640 - Agostino Agazzari , Italian composer (b. 1578 )
- 1646 - Santino Solari , Swiss architect and sculptor (b. 1576 )
- 1704 - William Egon Of Fürstenberg , Bishop of Strassburg (b. 1629 )
- 1706 - Arthur Chichester, 3rd Earl Of Donegall , Irish soldier (b. 1666 )
- 1756 - Giacomo Antonio Perti , Italian composer (d. 1661 )
- 1760 - Jean Lebeuf , French historian (b. 1687 )
- 1786 - John Byron , British naval officer (b. 1723 )
- 1813 - Joseph-Louis Lagrange , Italian-born mathematician (b. 1736 )
- 1823 - Karl Leonhard Reinhold , Austrian philosopher (b. 1757 )
- 1862 - W.H.L. Wallace , American Union general (b. 1821 )
- 1882 - Dante Gabriel Rossetti , English poet and painter (b. 1828 )
- 1904 - Queen Isabella II Of Spain (b. 1830 )
- 1909 - Algernon Charles Swinburne , English poet and critic (b. 1837 )
- 1919 - Emiliano Zapata , Mexican revolutionary (b. 1879 )
- 1920 - Moritz Cantor , German mathematician (b. 1829 )
- 1931 - Khalil Gibran , Lebanese poet and painter (b. 1883 )
- 1945 - Charles Nordhoff , English-born writer (b. 1887 )
- 1945 - H.N. Werkman , Dutch artist and printer (b. 1882 )
- 1954 - Auguste Lumière , French film pioneer (b. 1862 )
- 1954 - Oscar Mathisen , Norwegian speed skater (b. 1888 )
- 1955 - Teilhard De Chardin , French paleontologist and theologian (b. 1881 )
- 1958 - Chuck Willis , American singer and songwriter (b. 1928 )
- 1962 - Michael Curtiz , Hungarian-born director (b. 1886 )
- 1962 - Stuart Sutcliffe , English musician ( The Beatles ) (b. 1940 )
- 1965 - Lloyd Casner , American race car driver and owner (b. 1928 )
- 1965 - Linda Darnell , American actress (b. 1923 )
- 1966 - Evelyn Waugh , English writer (b. 1903 )
- 1968 - Gustavs Celmins , Latvian politician (b. 1899 )
- 1969 - Harley J. Earl , American automobile designer (b. 1893 )
- 1975 - Marjorie Main , American actress (b. 1890 )
- 1979 - Nino Rota , Italian composer (b. 1911 )
- 1980 - Kay Medford , American actress (b. 1914 )
- 1986 - Linda Creed , American songwriter (b. 1949 )
- 1991 - Kevin Peter Hall , American actor (b. 1955 )
- 1991 - Natalie Schafer , American actress (b. 1900 )
- 1992 - Sam Kinison , American comedian (b. 1953 )
- 1993 - Chris Hani , South African activist (b. 1942 )
- 1994 - Sam B. Hall , American politician (b. 1924 )
- 1995 - Morarji Desai , Indian activist (b. 1896 )
- 1997 - Michael Dorris , American author (b. 1945 )
- 1999 - Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat , German-born biochemist (b. 1910 )
- 1999 - Jean Vander Pyl , American voice actress (b. 1919 )
- 2000 - Peter Jones , English comedian (b. 1920 )
- 2000 - Larry Linville , American actor (b. 1939 )
- 2000 - Kirsten Rolffes , Danish actress (b. 1928 )
- 2002 - Yuji Hyakutake , Japanese astronomer (b. 1950 )
- 2003 - Chumy Chúmez , Spanish film director (b. 1927 )
- 2003 - Little Eva , American singer (b. 1943 )
- 2005 - Norbert Brainin , Austrian violinist (b. 1923 )
- 2005 - Iakovos, Archbishop Of America (b. 1911 )
- 2005 - Al Lucas , American football player (b. 1978 )
- 2007 - Kevin Crease , Australian television newsreader
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