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1061

EVENTS

January — Robert De Grantmesnil , his nephew Berengar , half-sister Judith (future wife of Roger I Of Sicily ), and eleven monks of Saint-Evroul-sur-Ouche are banished from Normandy and head to the Mezzogiorno

Normans conquer Messina in Sicily

October 1 — Pope Alexander II succeeds Pope Nicholas II as the 156th Pope .

Erection of the Speyer Cathedral in Speyer , Germany , begins.

Vratislav II became duke of Bohemia

Most of West Frisia (later known as Holland ) is conquered by imperial German armies and given to the Bishop Of Utrecht .

Estonians destroy the castle of Yuryev in Tartu and carrie out raids in the Pskov region in Russia .

BIRTHS

DEATHS

January 28 — Duke Spytihněv II Of Bohemia (b. 1031 )

July 18 (or July 27 ) — Pope Nicholas II