Information About

1014

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EVENTS

By Place

Europe

February 14 — Pope Benedict VIII recognizes Henry Of Bavaria as King of Germany

inflicts not only a decisive defeat on the Bulgaria n army, but his subsequent savage treatment of 15,000 prisoners reportedly causes Tsar Samuil Of Bulgaria to die of shock, and earns Basil II the title 'Voulgaroktonos' (Bulgar-slayer).

Henry II of Germany crowned Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Benedict VIII (ruled since 1003 )

Following the death of Sweyn I , Ethelred II returns to England and retakes the English crown. Canute The Great returns to Denmark

Battle Of Clontarf ; Gaelic Irish forces under Brian Boru defeat several allied Viking forces in Ireland , ending their power there but killing Brian in the process

Holmgang declared illegal in Norway

Asia

Avicenna arrives at the court of Amir Majd al-Dawla at Jabal

In Kashmir , Abhinavagupta , the teacher of the poet Ksemendra, circulates his Greater commentary on the ''Pratyabhijna Darshana''.

Hammad Ibn Buluggin recognises the Abbasid Caliphate, beginning the split of the Hammadids from the Zirids .

By Topic

Religion

The Nicene-Constantinopolitan Symbol Of The Faith is used for the first time during the Roman Mass after Henry II, the newly crowned Holy Roman Emperor , asked the Pope to add it together with the Filioque clause. Prior to this date, the Creed was not used at all during the Liturgy .

In England archbishop Wulfstan preaches his Latin homily, "Wulf's Address to the English"

BIRTHS

Princess Constance of France , daughter of Robert II The Pious

DEATHS

February 3 — Sweyn I Haraldsson Forkbeard, king of Denmark

April 23 — Brian Boru , high king of Ireland

October 6 — Samuil Of Bulgaria , Tsar of Bulgaria

Sigurd the Stout, Viking earl in the Orkneys

Sri Raja Raja I, All time greatest emperor of India and great temple builder of the Chola Dynasty