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Wine Cellar




A Wine cellar is a storage room for Wine in Bottles or Barrels , or more rarely in Carboy s, Amphora s or plastic containers. Wine cellars are usually located completely underground, and often have direct contact to the surrounding Soil via a gap in the foundations.

Wine cellars offer the opportunity to protect alcoholic beverages from potentially harmful external influences, providing darkness and a constant temperature. Wine is a natural, perishable food product. Left exposed to heat, light, vibration or fluctuations in temperature and humidity, all types of wine, including red, white, sparkling, fortified, can spoil. When properly stored, wines not only maintain their quality but many actually improve in aroma, flavor, and complexity as they mature.

Temperature centered around 57 degrees Fahrenheit or 14 degrees Celsius, much like the cool caves used to store wine in France, is ideal for both short-term storage and long-term aging for all types of wines.

There are several things people should consider if they are thinking about installing a wine cellar in their home or place of work:

Location
The ideal location for a wine cellar is still in the basement which is below grade. If it has
outside walls then usually the northwest corner gets the least amount of sunlight. The more
the basement is below grade, the better. Many homes have unused crawl spaces which
people think make great cellars but in reality they are too hot in summer and too cold in the
winter months. This depends on geographic location. Wine cellars can also be built on first
floors and they work very well especially if the house is always air conditioned.

Framing
Outside walls should be framed using 2” X 6” wood studs. Cellar walls facing into the
interior of the house may be framed with
2” X 4” studs, but generally we use 2” X 6” studs throughout if we have the space and are
using regular insulation batts. If the rooms are being insulated with with sprayed 2lb
polyurethane, then build with 2”x4” studs set one inch off the outside wall so that the foam
will fill the space behind the stud. If you have a very cold floor (i.e. cold rooms under front
verandas), then we recommend installing 2” X 2” wood “sleepers” on the floor so that rigid
insulation of R-7.5 can be placed between them. In really cold situations you can build the
floor with 2” x 4” studs on edge and fill with sprayed-in-place 2lb polyurethane.

Insulation
Insulation requirements are determined by the outside wall area the cellar will occupy and
the depth of the cellar below grade. The very best type of insulation is sprayed-in-place
2-lb. polyurethane. It yields an R value of close to R7 per inch. It also provides a Type-2
vapor barrier that is sufficient for wine cellars. It is, however, somewhat costly. Local
Yellow Pages directories will have listings of such suppliers under “insulation”.
The second best option is insulation batts fitted into the stud cavities. With 2” X 6” walls,
an R-20 rating is achieved while 2” X 4” stud walls will give a value of R-12.
With regular insulation batts, an approved 6 mm vapor retarder must be installed on the
warm side of the cellar. This means the outside walls and the ceiling joists, which can be
difficult sometimes given the placement of plumbing pipes, ductwork, electrical wirings, etc.
The importance of a good insulating and vapor retarder cannot be stressed enough! You
want to keep the cold in, the heat out and control moisture levels.

Cellar Door
An exterior grade insulated door complete with jamb and weather stripping is required.
These can be bought at lumber stores and if appearance is not a main criteria, then you
can use the metal doors which have insulation inside. Custom-made wood doors are
acceptable provided they have good weather-stripping and a threshold.
Glass Windows/Doors
While very attractive and widely used, glass provides very little R value (insulation) within
a cellar. If you will be using glass, you might consider selecting a cooling unit with a
greater BTU output to off set the diminished R value. Generally, the next size up will
deliver adequate cooling compensation.
The glass should be a sealed thermal pane unit, usually 5/8” or ¾” overall thickness. The
glass should be sealed around the edges in the frame. Do not get into details with
sandblasting on the doors – the company doing this will take care of it.

Drywall
Moisture resistant drywall, commonly called greenboard, is suggested for all walls and
ceiling coverage. It provides a great finished surface that is ideal for painting. Many other
wall finishes are also suitable. If using wood products, non-aromatic wood species such
as Western Cedar, California Redwood or Mahogany should be selected, but install the
drywall first.

Racking
If using Modular Racking System, then the racking design should be determined before
cellar construction commences. The walls can then be built to the exact size of your
racking layout, thereby giving the racks the look of a true custom installation. This is for
both walls and ceiling height.
Racks should be chosen according to your collecting style. Depending upon your budget, design ideals and available cellar space.

RefrigerationPlease see:
We can provide you with the exact measurements and specifications for the cooling unit
that best suits the location and size of your cellar. WhisperKool, Koolspace & Breezaire
products plug into a standard household 110V outlet, preferably one on a dedicated circuit
and without voltage fluctuations. The electrical outlet is to be located inside the wine cellar
room right next to the unit. WhisperKool is standard with the option of a plug-in from the
exhaust side of the cellar or from the inside of the cellar. Breezaire systems come standard
with the plug on the inside but may be ordered with a plug-out-back specification at a small
up-charge. chillR units also plug in on the inside of the cellar.
WhisperKOOL, chillR and most Breezaire models vent through a wall to an adjacent area.
They are not engineered for installation into ductwork, ceilings, or flooring. If you have an
unusual installation due to being below grade, or structural or aesthetic factors, the
Breezaire split system (separate evaporator and condenser units) may be the solution. It
is, however, a little more costly to purchase, and is more costly to install as a certified
refrigeration technician must be involved in the installation.

Inside Venting
WhisperKool , Breezaire and ChillR units are designed to vent to an adjacent room through
the wall. The installation is quite simple, especially if the wall cutout is prepared while you
are constructing the room. There is no requirement for plumbing or water supply as these
cooling units utilize excess moisture in the room to maintain a satisfactory humidity level
for most geographic regions throughout North America. Running a condensate line to a
drain is always a good idea but not always required. The adjacent room/area must be at
least as large as the cellar itself (preferably larger) as it needs to be able to dissipate the
cooling unit’s warmed exhaust and to serve as a source of fresh air intake. The adjacent
room must not get more than 30°F more than the set temperature of the wine cellar. As
these units are mechanical in nature, they do generate a noise not dissimilar to many
bathroom fans, a factor to be considered when determining a location for the cooling unit.
The ChillR series make the least amount of noise.

Outside Venting
If a suitable adjacent exhaust area is not available, or if you would simply prefer to direct
the warm exhaust and fan noise to the outside, then a Breezaire cooling unit may be the
answer. Breezaire products are proportioned depth-wise to fit right through the cellar and
exterior foundation walls and are engineered to withstand seasonal temperature changes.
A drain line running to an empty wine bottle or channeled directly to a floor drain is needed
to dispose of excess moisture. An optional bottle probe is also available at a very
reasonable price for an alternative means of cellar temperature measurement.
If your cellar is below grade or exhausting directly through an inside or outside wall isn’t
possible, Breezaire offers a split system where the evaporator is in the cellar and a
condenser unit is remotely located outside of the cellar, either indoors or outdoors. This
unit works extremely well but the initial cost is higher and the installation necessitates the
services of a qualified refrigeration technician. Again, it works best with a temperature
difference of 30°F.