Information About

Velcro





HISTORY


The hook and loop fastener was invented in 1948 by Georges De Mestral , a Swiss Engineer . The idea came to him after he took a close look at the Burdock seeds which kept sticking to his clothes and his dog's fur on their daily walk in the Alps . De Mestral named his invention "VELCRO" after the French words ''velours'', meaning 'velvet', and ''crochet'', meaning 'hook'.


COMPOSITION

Hook and hooks, and a "loop" side, which is covered with even smaller and "hairier" plastic loops. There are many variations to this which include hooks on both sides, for example. When the two sides are pressed together, the hooks catch in the loops and hold the pieces together. When the layers are separated, the strips makes a characteristic ripping sound. The term ''VELCRO'' is a registered Trademark in most countries. Generic terminology for these fasteners includes "hook and loop", "burr" and "touch" fasteners.


USE

The strength of the hook and loop bond depends on how well the hooks are embedded in the loops and the nature of the force pulling it apart. If hook and loop is used to bond two rigid surfaces, e.g. auto body panels and frame, the bond is particularly strong because any force pulling the pieces apart is spread evenly across all hooks. Also, any force pushing the pieces together is disproportionally applied to engaging more hooks and loops. Vibration can cause rigid pieces to improve their bond.

When one or both of the pieces is flexible, e.g. a pocket flap, the pieces can be pulled apart with a peeling action which applies the force to relatively few hooks at a time. If a flexible piece is pulled parallel to the plane of the fastener surface the force is spread evenly as with rigid pieces.

Two ways to maximise the strength of a bond with one or more flexible pieces are:
  • increase the area of the bond, e.g. long purse straps.

  • ensure that the force is applied parallel to the plane of the fastener surface, e.g. bending around a corner or Pulley . For example, shoe closures can resist a large force with little bonding area by wrapping a strap through a slot which reduces the force on the fastener by ensuring the force is parallel to the plane of the fastner and by halving the force on the bond by acting as a pulley system.



APPLICATIONS

Because it is easy to use, maintenance free, and totally safe, the hook-and-loop fasteners have been used for just about every conceivable application where a temporary bond is required. It is especially popular in clothing where it replaces buttons or zippers, and as a Shoe fastener for children who have not yet learned to tie shoelaces and for those who choose velcro over laces.

A stronger version of the hook-and-loop material have even made it possible to create semi-permanent bonds (where it is extremely hard to separate the hooks from the loops), useful for higher stress applications (see section above).

The strength of a hook and loop bond depends on how much surface area is in contact with the hooks: full-body hook and loop suits have been made that can hold a person to a suitably-covered wall.

Research is being performed on developing "silent velcro" for military clothing and other covert uses.


ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES


Advantages:
  • Easy to use

  • Maintenance free

  • Safe

  • The tearing noise is useful against Pickpocketing .


Disadvantages:
  • They tend to accumulate hair, dust, lint, and fur in the hooks after a few months of regular use.

  • The hooks and/or loops can become elongated or broken, reducing the bond after a long time.

  • It often becomes attached to articles of clothing, especially loosely-woven items like sweaters or socks. Additionally, the clothing may be damaged when one attempts to remove the fastener, even if they are separated slowly.

  • The tearing noise made by unfastening a hook and loop fastener makes it inappropriate for some applications.



VELCRO IN FILM AND TELEVISION

  • In the 1997 film Men In Black Velcro is hinted to be alien technology confiscated by the MIB and adapted for use on Earth. This is a play on the fact that NASA is popularly credited with the invention of velcro.


  • In the 2004 film Garden State , Jesse ( Armando Riesco ), the slacker friend of protagonist Andrew "Large" Largeman ( Zach Braff ), becomes an over-night millionaire by inventing "silent velcro" and selling the patent to the U.S government. A sample of this innovative product is briefly shown in one scene.


  • In the Season 2 episode of , '' Carbon Creek '', T'Pol 's great-grandmother T'Mir and her crewmates crash land on Earth in 1957. To accumulate money for a college fund, she takes a Vulcan pouch to the Patent Office , with a Velcro pocket. She claims it is an "idea that will change the world." According to T'Pol's stories, Velcro is Vulcan in origin. However, T'Pol never claims her stories are true or not true.


  • In an episode of the Power Puff Girls , Buttercup states that Velcro was brought to Earth by aliens.


  • David Letterman, host of CBS' Late Show with David Letterman , refers to Velcro as "The miracle fabric of the '80s." His show also popularized the Velcro suit, where one dons a suit covered with Velcro strips and jumps from a trampoline onto a wall covered with mating strips of Velcro.


  • In an episode of the fictional UK football drama Dream Team , the player Casper Rose claims that his grandfather created VELCRO and became a billionaire and passed the fortune onto him.



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