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An urban-type settlement was one of the results of Soviet Urban Design , a locality intermediate in character and status between cities/towns and Rural Settlement s.

Urban-type settlements are similar in size to Village s; however, their infrastructure is urban. Usually they are centered around a single Industry . One of the defining features of an urban-type settlement in the former USSR was economic independence from agriculture.


SOVIET UNION

In the Soviet Union the criteria of urban-type settlements were set independently by the Soviet Republics. Those criteria, however, only differed very slightly from one republic to another.


Russian SFSR

In the RSFSR, urban-type settlements were subdivided into three types:
  • Work settlements (): localities with factories, mining industry, power stations, construction industry, with population of at least 3,000 and with at least 85% of the population being workers and government employees or members of their families;

  • Beach settlements (): localities focusing on health facilities, with population of at least 2,000, with at least 50% of the average annual population being non-permanent residents;

  • Suburban ( Dacha ) settlements (): settlements with a focus on private summer-time and weekend recreation, with no more than 25% of the permanent population being employed in the agricultural sector.



Ukrainian SSR

In 1981 , the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic defined an urban-type settlement as follows:
  • a locality of under 2,000 inhabitants, consisting of at least ⅔ workers or government employees or their families;

  • with industrial enterprises, buildings, and a railroad connection,

    • or

  • localities with educational or research institutions;

  • with sanatoriums or recreational institutions.


In exceptional cases, even localities of 500 to 2,000 inhabitants could attain urban-type settlement status, if they had economic development potential.


RUSSIAN FEDERATION

In modern Russia, the task of setting the criteria of urban-type settlements is delegated to the Federal Subjects . In most cases, the federal subject's legislative body is responsible for all administrative and territorial changes, including granting and revoking of the urban-type settlement and town status.


SEE ALSO