| Umar Of Borno |
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| 1881 deaths | |
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Umar came to power after a civil war, the first ruler in a long line ''not'' from the ruling dynasty. Although the dynasty ended, the kingdom of Kanem-Bornu survived. But Umar, who eschewed the title ''mai'' for the simpler designation ''shehu'' (from the Arabic '' Shaykh ''), could not match his father's vitality and gradually allowed the kingdom to be ruled by advisers ('' Wazirs ''). Bornu began to decline, as a result of administrative disorganization, regional particularism, and attacks by the militant Ouaddai Empire to the east. The decline continued under Umar's sons, and in 1893 Rabih Az-Zubayr , leading an invading army from eastern Sudan , conquered Bornu. Umar ruled from 1846 until November 1853, and for a second time from September 1854 to 1881. Between these periods, `Abd Ar-Rahman Ibn Muhammad Al-Amin was ''mai''. |
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