| Turpentine |
Articles about Turpentine |
Information AboutTurpentine |
| CATEGORIES ABOUT TURPENTINE | |
| household chemicals | |
| hydrocarbon solvents | |
| painting materials | |
| resins | |
| terpenes and terpenoids | |
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Turpentine is a fluid obtained by the complex Distillation of Resin obtained from Tree s, mainly various species of Pine (''Pinus''). It is composed of Terpene s, mainly the monoterpenes alpha- Pinene and beta-pinene. Alternative names are wood turpentine, spirit of turpentine, oil of turpentine and gum turpentine. It is also known colloquially as just ''turps'', although this more often refers to Turpentine Substitute (or mineral turpentine). Boiling in large tubs takes place at 155 degrees Celsius to obtain turpentine oil. Important pines for turpentine production include:
However, one of the earliest sources is thought to be the Terebinth or turpentine tree (''Pistacia terebinthus''), a Mediterranean tree related to the Pistachio . MEDICINAL USES Turpentine has been used medically since ancient times.
INDUSTRIAL USES The two primary uses of turpentine in industry are as a Solvent and as a source of materials for Organic Synthesis . As a solvent, turpentine is used for thinning oil-based Paint s, producing Varnish es, and as a raw material for the chemical industry. Its industrial use as a solvent in industrialized nations have largely been replaced by the much cheaper Turpentine Substitute s distilled from Crude Oil . Turpentine is also used as a source of raw materials in the synthesis of fragrant chemical compounds. Commercially used Camphor , Linalool , Alpha-terpineol , and Geraniol are all usually produced from alpha- Pinene and beta-pinene, which are two of the chief chemical components of turpentine. These pinenes are separated and purified by distillation. The mixture of Diterpene s and Triterpene s that is left as residue after terpentine distillation is sold as Rosin . Turpentine is also added to many cleaning and sanitary products due to its antiseptic properties and its "clean scent". HAZARDS Turpentine is an Organic solvent, and thus poses many of the same hazards as do other such substances. It can burn the skin and eyes, damage the Lungs and respiratory system, as well as the Central Nervous System when inhaled, and cause Renal Failure when ingested, among other things. It is highly flammable. EXTERNAL LINKS
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