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, Asia's oldest Metro line, first opened in 1927.]] The transportation network in Greater Tokyo includes public and private rail and highway networks; airports for international, domestic, and general aviation; buses; and commercial shipping. While the nexus is in the central part of Tokyo , every area of the Greater Tokyo Area has rail, road, air, or sea transportation services. Public transport within Tokyo is dominated by an extensive network of clean and efficient—if occasionally very crowded—trains and Metros run by a variety of operators, with buses, monorails and trams playing a secondary role. Outside the center, the emphasis shifts to include greater emphasis on car, bus, and truck/lorry transportation. AIRPORTS Two airports handle the vast majority of commercial flights in the region. Tokyo International Airport (Haneda) in Ota, Tokyo is the primary field for domestic flights. Narita International Airport in Narita , Chiba Prefecture is the major gateway for international travelers. Other airfields in the area:
In addition, the Greater Tokyo area hosts military bases with airfields:
RAILWAY AND METRO Rail is the primary mode of transportation in Tokyo, which has the most extensive urban railway network in the world, and an equally extensive network of surface lines. Most lines in Tokyo are privately owned and operated, with the exception of Toei Metro (run directly by the Metropolitan government). Railway and Metro lines are highly integrated; commuter trains from the suburbs continue directly into the Metro network on many lines, often emerging on the other side of the city to serve another company's surface line at major stations. It is estimated some 20 million people take the 70 plus train and Metro lines, and go through 1000 stations in the metropolitan area daily. Shinjuku Station is the busiest train station in the world by passenger throughput. JR East Japan Railway Company , or JR East, is the largest passenger railway company in the world. It operates throughout the Greater Tokyo area (as well as the rest of northeastern Honshu ). In addition to operating some long-haul Shinkansen ("bullet train" lines), JR East operates Tokyo's largest railway network, including the Yamanote Line loop that encircles the center of Tokyo, and commuter lines linking the city with the region. These include the Keihin-Tohoku Line between Saitama and Yokohama, the Chuo Line to West Tokyo, and the Sobu Line to Chiba. The Keiyo serves nearby parts of Chiba. The Yokohama , Tokaido , and Yokosuka Line s serve the southwestern parts of the area. Many additional lines form a network outside the center of the city. Among these are the Hachiko , Itsukaichi , Joban , Joetsu , Kawagoe Line , Musashino , Ome , Negishi , Nambu , Sagami , Takasaki , and Tsurumi Lines. JR East is also the majority stockholder in the Tokyo Monorail , one of the world's most commercially successful Monorail lines. Other carriers operating in Tokyo Regional railways carry commuters into the center of Tokyo. These include several private railway networks.
Some private and public carriers operate within the boundaries of Tokyo.
Metros in Tokyo
Railways outside of Tokyo
BUSES bus]] Tokyo's metropolitan government operates ''Toei'' buses mainly within the 23 Special Wards while private bus companies operate other bus routes. Bus transportation is convenient for places far from the train or Metro stations. Most bus routes stop or terminate at a train or Metro station, and they can be quite complicated with no signs in English. The Toei buses charge 200 yen {Link without Title} per ride which the customer pays while boarding. Buses run by other companies may charge according to distance, and the customer pays when leaving the bus. ROADS Local roads National, prefectural and metropolitan, and local roads crisscross the region. Some of the major national highways are Routes 1, 4, 6, 14, 16, 17, and 20. Route 1 links Tokyo to Osaka along the old Tokaido , while Route 6 and Route 4 carries traffic north all the way to Sendai and Aomori respectively. Route 14 connects Nihonbashi with Chiba Prefecture . Route 16 is a heavily travelled circumferential linking Yokosuka , Yokohama , western Tokyo, Saitama , and Chiba . Route 17 originates in central Tokyo and passes through Saitama en route to Niigata Prefecture . Route 20 crosses Tokyo from east to west, continuing into Yamanashi Prefecture . The datum from which distances are reckoned is in Nihonbashi. Local and regional expressways The Shuto Expressway network covers central Tokyo, linking the intercity expressways together, while primarily serving commuters and truck traffic. Important regional expressways include the Tokyo Gaikan Expressway, Daisan Keihin Highway, and Keiyo Highway. Presently under construction (with some segments operating), the Ken-ō Expressway will be a major circumferential through the area. National Tokyo is a focus of the nationwide expressway system. Many long-haul routes converge at Tokyo including the Tomei Expressway , Chuo Expressway , Kan'etsu Expressway , and Tōhoku Expressway . |
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