| Sumo Protein |
Article Index for Sumo |
Website Links For Sumo |
Information AboutSumo Protein |
| CATEGORIES ABOUT SUMO PROTEIN | |
| posttranslational modification | |
| proteins | |
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SUMO proteins are similar to Ubiquitin . In contrast to ubiquitin, SUMO is not used to tag proteins for Degradation . The protein is not active until the last four amino acids of the C-terminus have been cleaved off. SUMO family members often have dissimilar names; the SUMO1 homologue in Yeast , for example, is called SMT3 (suppressor of mif two 3). Several Pseudogenes have been reported for this gene. FUNCTION SUMO modification of proteins has many functions. Among the most frequent and best studied are protein stability, Nuclear - Cytosolic transport, Transcriptional regulation. Unlike Ubiquitin modification which targets proteins for degradation, SUMOylation increases a protein's lifetime. It can also change a protein's location in the cell. For example, the Sumo modification of hNinein leads to its movement from the Centrosome to the Nucleus In most cases Sumo attachment to transcriptional regulators correlates with inhibition of transcription [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=16095902 . There are many more proposed functions. Refer to the GeneRIFs of the Sumo proteins, e.g. human SUMO1 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=full_report&list_uids=7341], to find out more. STRUCTURE Sumo proteins are small proteins; most are around 100 Amino Acids in length and 12 KDa in Mass . The exact length and mass varies between Sumo family members and depends on which Organism the protein comes from. For example, human SUMO1, also shown in the figures, is 101 Residues long and has a mass of 11.6 kDa. Its Homologues in rat and mice are also 101 residues long, while the presumed relative in C. Elegans has only 91 amino acids. The structure of human SUMO1 is depicted on the right. It shows SUMO1 as a globular protein with both ends of the amino acid chain (shown in red and blue) sticking out of the protein's centre. The spherical core consists of an Alpha Helix and a Beta Sheet . The diagrams shown are based on an NMR analysis of the protein in solution. EXTERNAL LINKS
review on the topic
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