Information About

Square-free Integer




: 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 10 , 11 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 26 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 33 , ...

(sequence in OEIS )


EQUIVALENT CHARACTERIZATIONS OF SQUARE-FREE NUMBERS


The integer ''n'' is square-free if and only if in the .

The positive integer ''n'' is square-free If And Only If μ(''n'') ≠ 0, where μ denotes the Möbius Function .

The positive integer ''n'' is square-free if and only if all Abelian Group s of Order ''n'' are Isomorphic , which is the case if and only if all of them are Cyclic . This follows from the classification of Finitely Generated Abelian Group s.

The integer ''n'' is square-free iff the Factor Ring Z / nZ (see Modular Arithmetic ) is a Product of Field s. This follows from the Chinese Remainder Theorem and the fact that a ring of the form Z / kZ is a field if and only if ''k'' is a prime.

For every positive integer ''n'', the set of all positive divisors of ''n'' becomes a Partially Ordered Set if we use Divisibility as the order relation. This partially ordered set is always a Distributive Lattice . It is a Boolean Algebra if and only if ''n'' is square-free.

Given the positive integer ''n'', define the radical of the integer ''n'' by

m


equal to the product of the prime numbers ''p'' dividing ''n''. This is also called the square-free part of the integer ''n''. Then the square-free ''n'' are exactly the solutions of ''n'' = ''rad''(''n'').


DISTRIBUTION OF SQUARE-FREE NUMBERS


If ''Q''(''x'') denotes the number of square-free integers between 1 and ''x'', then

:Q(x) = rac{6x}{\pi^2} + O(\sqrt{x})

(see Pi and Big O Notation ). The asymptotic/ Natural Density of square-free numbers is therefore

:\lim_{x o\infty} rac{Q(x)}{x} = rac{6}{\pi^2} = rac{1}{\zeta(2)}

where ζ is the Riemann Zeta Function .

Likewise, if ''Q''(''x'',''n'') denotes the number of ''n''th power-free integers between 1 and ''x'', one can show
:\lim_{x o\infty} rac{Q(x,n)}{x} = rac{1}{\zeta(n)}.


ERDöS SQUAREFREE CONJECTURE


The Central Binomial Coefficient {2n \choose n} is never squarefree for ''n'' > 4. This was proven in 1996 by Olivier Ramaré and Andrew Granville .