| Spinal Fusion |
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While the two vertebrae that are joined rarely detach, it does create additional risk of damage to adjacent vertebrae. CONDITIONS WHERE SPINAL FUSION IS USED Spinal fusion is done most commonly in the Lumbar region of the Spine , but it is also used to treat Cervical and Thoracic problems. Conditions for which spinal fusion is most commonly done:
TYPES OF SPINAL FUSION There are two main types of spinal fusion, which may be used in conjunction with each other: Posterolateral fusion places the bone graft between the Transverse Process es in the back of the spine. These vertebrae are then fixed in place with screws and/or wire through the Pedicle s of each vertebrae attaching to a metal rod on each side of the vertebrae. Interbody fusion places the bone graft between the vertebrae in the area usually occupied by the Intervertebral Disc . In preparation for the spinal fusion, the disc is removed entirely. The fusion then occurs between the Endplates of the vertebrae. This procedure may be done through the abdomen (Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion or ALIF) or through the back (Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion or PLIF). Using both types of fusion is known as '''360-degree fusion'''. In most cases, the fusion is augmented by a process called fixation, meaning the placement of metallic screws, rods or plates to stabilize the vertebra prior to bone fusion. The fusion process typically takes 3-6 months after surgery. During in this time external bracing (orthotics) may be required. External factors such as smoking, osteoporosis, certain medications, and heavy activity can prolong or even prevent the fusion process. Some newer technologies are being introduced which avoid fusion and preserve spinal motion. Such procedures, such as artificial disk placement, are being offered as alternatives to fusion, but have not yet been adopted on a widespread basis in the US. SEE ALSO REFERENCES EXTERNAL LINKS
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