Information AboutShoulder |
| CATEGORIES ABOUT SHOULDER | |
| upper limb anatomy | |
| shoulderupper limb anatomy | |
| shoulder | |
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Fig. 327 - Capsule of shoulder-joint (distended). Anterior aspect.]] In (collarbone), the Scapula (shoulder blade), and the Humerus (upper arm bone). Two joints facilitate shoulder movement. The Acromioclavicular (AC) joint is located between the Acromion (part of the scapula that forms the highest point of the shoulder) and the clavicle. The Glenohumeral Joint , to which the generic term "shoulder joint" usually refers, is a ball-and-socket joint that allows the arm to rotate in a circular fashion or to hinge out and up away from the body. (The "ball" is the top, rounded portion of the upper arm bone or humerus; the "socket," or Glenoid , is a dish-shaped part of the outer edge of the scapula into which the ball fits.) Arm movement is further facilitated by the ability of the scapula to slide both laterally and vertically along the rib cage. The capsule is a soft tissue envelope that encircles the glenohumeral joint. It is lined by a thin, smooth synovial membrane. The bones of the shoulder are held in place by Muscle s, Tendon s, and Ligament s. Tendons are tough cords of tissue that attach the shoulder muscles to bone and assist the muscles in moving the shoulder. Ligaments attach shoulder bones to each other, providing stability. For example, the front of the joint capsule is anchored by three glenohumeral ligaments. The Rotator Cuff is a structure composed of tendons that, with associated muscles(supraspinatus, infraspinatus,teres minor and subscapularis), holds the ball at the top of the humerus in the glenoid socket and provides mobility and strength to the shoulder joint. Two filmy sac-like structures called Bursa e permit smooth gliding between bone, muscle, and tendon. They cushion and protect the rotator cuff from the bony arch of the acromion. SEE ALSO EXTERNAL LINKS |
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