Second Messenger

Article Index for
Second

Articles about
Second Messenger

Website Links For
Second

Information About

Second Messenger

Transmembrane Receptor and pre-processed by other Membrane-associated Proteins . There are three basic types of second messenger molecules:

'' Hydrophobic molecules'' like Diacylglycerol , InsP₃ and Phosphatidylinositol s are membrane-associated and diffuse from the Plasma Membrane into the Juxtamembrane space where they can reach and regulate membrane-associated ''effector proteins''.

'' Hydrophilic molecules'' are water-soluble molecules, like CAMP , CGMP , and Ca²⁺ , that are located within the Cytosol .

gases, Nitric Oxide (NO) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) , that can diffuse both through cytosol and across cellular membranes.

They can be synthesized/released and broken down again in specific reactions by enzymes.

Some (like Ca²⁺) can be stored in special Organelle s and quickly released when needed.

Their production/release and destruction can be ''localized'', enabling the cell to limit space and time of signal activity.

EXTERNAL LINKS

¹