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ORIGINS AND HISTORY The first science fiction fanzine, ''The Comet'', was published in 1930 by the Science Correspondence Club in Chicago . The term "fanzine" was coined in October 1940 by Russ Chauvenet . "Fanzines" were distinguished from "prozines", that is, all professional Magazine s. Prior to that, the fan publications were known as "fanmags" or "letterzines." (See Fanspeak .) Traditionally, science fiction fanzines were (and many still are) available for "the usual," meaning that a sample issue will be mailed on request; to receive further issues, a reader sends a "letter of comment" (LoC) about the fanzine to the editor. The LoC might be published in the next issue: some fanzines consisted almost exclusively of letter columns, where discussions were conducted in much the same way as they are in internet Newsgroup s and Mailing List s today, though at a relatively glacial pace. From 1955 , the annual Worldcon awarded Hugo Awards for Best Fanzine , and added awards for Best Fan Writer and Best Fan Artist in 1967 . SEMIPROZINES In the 1970s and 1980s , some fanzines - especially "sercon" (serious and constructive) zines devoted to sf and Fantasy criticism, and newszines such as '' Locus '' - morphed into more professional journals, leveraging Desktop Publishing tools and Offset Printing . These new zines were labeled "semiprozines", and eventually were sold rather than traded, and paid their contributors. Some semiprozines publish original fiction. The Hugo Awards recognized semiprozines as a separate category from fanzines in 1984 after ''Locus'' won the award for best fanzine several years running. (See Hugo Award For Best Semiprozine ). Well-known semiprozines include ''Locus'', '' Ansible '', '' The New York Review Of Science Fiction '', and '' Interzone ''. APAS See main article Amateur Press Association s (APAs) publish fanzines made up of the contributions of the individual members collected into an assemblage or bundle called an Apazine . The first science fiction APA was the Fantasy Amateur Press Association (FAPA) formed by a group of science fiction fans in 1937. Some APAs are still active as hardcopy publications, and some are published as virtual "e-zines," distributed on the Internet . OTHER TYPES OF FANZINES See main article The term "fanzine" is also used to refer to fan-created magazines in other areas; the earliest Rock-and-roll fanzines were edited by science fiction fans. A significant fraction of modern computer/Web/Internet slang, abbreviations, etc. is derived from the jargon of the fanzine fans. See Fanzine , Fanspeak . The fanzine movement is now well represented on the Web; see Webzine . EXTERNAL LINKS
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