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The largest island in the group is Nendo (505.5 km&2, highest point 549 m, population over 5000), followed by Vanikoro (173.2 km&2, population 800, which is actually two islands, Banie and its small neighbor Tevai ) and Utupua (69.0 km&2, highest point 380 m, population 300). Lata , located on Nendo, is the largest town, and the capital of Temotu province.

The Santa Cruz Islands are less than five million years old, and were pushed upward by the Tectonic Subduction of the northward-moving Indo-Australian Plate under the Pacific Plate . The islands are mostly composed of Limestone and volcanic ash over limestone. The highest point in the Santa Cruz Islands is on Vanikoro, 924 m.

The term Santa Cruz Islands is sometimes used to encompass all of the islands of the present-day Solomon Islands province of Temotu .


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